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Description
Vanilla Planifolia, also known as the Vanilla Orchid, is a species of orchid that is native to Mexico and Central America. It is a climbing vine that can grow up to 30 meters long, with thick stems and glossy green leaves. However, it is best known for its fragrant and flavorful pods, which are used to make vanilla extract and other culinary products.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukarya |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Liliopsida |
| Order | Asparagales |
| Family | Orchidaceae |
| Genus | Vanilla |
Appearance
The Vanilla Orchid has thick, fleshy stems that can grow up to 30 meters long. Its glossy green leaves are simple, leathery, and ovate in shape, with a length of 5-20 cm and a width of 2.5-12 cm. The flowers are creamy white, trumpet-shaped, and only last for a day. The plant blooms in the spring and summer, and the pods mature in the fall.
Care Guide
Vanilla Planifolia is a tropical plant that requires warm temperatures, high humidity, and filtered sunlight. It prefers well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter, and should be watered regularly to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged. Fertilize the plant every two weeks during the growing season, and reduce watering during the dormant season. The plant is hardy in USDA zones 10-12.
Common Pests & Diseases
The Vanilla Orchid is susceptible to spider mites, scales, and mealybugs. It can also suffer from root rot if overwatered, or from leaf spot if exposed to too much moisture. To prevent pest infestations, keep the plant clean and free of debris, and use a horticultural oil or soap spray. To prevent diseases, avoid overwatering and provide good air circulation.
Habitat
Vanilla Planifolia is native to the tropical rainforests of Mexico and Central America, where it grows as an epiphyte on trees or as a lithophyte on rocks. It prefers a warm and humid environment, with temperatures ranging from 60-95°F and humidity levels of 80-85%. The plant is now widely cultivated in other tropical regions, including Madagascar, Indonesia, and Tahiti.
Question and Answer
Q: How long does it take for Vanilla Planifolia to produce pods?
A: It takes about 3-5 years for the plant to mature and produce its first pods.
Q: Can Vanilla Orchids be grown indoors?
A: Yes, they can be grown indoors as long as they receive enough filtered sunlight and humidity.
Q: How do you pollinate Vanilla Planifolia?
A: In the wild, the plant is pollinated by a specific bee species, but in cultivation, the flowers are usually hand-pollinated using a toothpick or a similar tool.
Q: How long do Vanilla pods last?
A: The pods can last for several years if stored properly in an airtight container.
Related Plants
- Vanilla Pompona
- Vanilla Tahitensis
- Vanilla Mexicana
References
- “Vanilla planifolia.” Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed September 13, 2021. http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=a578
- “Vanilla Orchid.” Orchid Society of Great Britain. Accessed September 13, 2021. https://www.osgb.org.uk/growing/orchid-care-sheets/vanilla/
- “Vanilla planifolia.” Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services. Accessed September 13, 2021. https://www.fdacs.gov/content/download/53295/file/Vanilla%20planifolia.pdf
