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Description
Opuntia Humifusa, commonly known as the prickly pear cactus, is a species of cactus native to the eastern United States. This low-growing cactus typically reaches heights of only 6-18 inches (15-45 cm) and spreads outwards, forming dense mats of spiny pads. The plant produces vibrant yellow or orange flowers in the summer, followed by edible fruit in the fall.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Kingdom | Phylum | Class | Order | Family | Genus ||——–|———|——–|——-|——-|——–|——-|| Eukarya | Plantae | Tracheophyta | Magnoliopsida | Caryophyllales | Cactaceae | Opuntia |
Appearance
The prickly pear cactus has flat, oval-shaped pads covered in spines that can cause irritation if touched. The pads are typically green but can have a bluish or purplish tint. The plant produces large, showy flowers in shades of yellow, orange, and red, followed by edible fruit that can be yellow, red, or purple.
Care Guide
Opuntia Humifusa is a hardy plant that requires minimal care. Here are some tips for keeping your prickly pear cactus healthy:- Water: Only water the plant when the soil is completely dry, as overwatering can cause root rot.- Fertilization: Use a balanced fertilizer once a month during the growing season.- Soil: Plant the cactus in well-draining soil, such as sandy or rocky soil.- Sunlight: The prickly pear cactus thrives in full sunlight but can tolerate partial shade.- Hardiness Zones: This cactus can grow in USDA hardiness zones 5-9.
Common Pests & Diseases
The prickly pear cactus is relatively resistant to pests and diseases, but it can still be affected by the following:- Mealybugs: These small, white insects can infest the plant and cause damage.- Scale insects: These insects can cause yellowing and wilting of the plant.- Root rot: Overwatering can cause root rot, which can be fatal to the plant.
Habitat
Opuntia Humifusa is native to the eastern United States, where it grows in sandy or rocky soil in open, sunny areas. The plant can tolerate drought and extreme temperatures, making it well-suited for arid environments.
Question and Answer
Q: Is the fruit of the prickly pear cactus edible?
A: Yes, the fruit is edible and is often used in jams and jellies.Q: How often should I water my prickly pear cactus?
A: Only water the plant when the soil is completely dry, typically every 2-4 weeks.Q: Can the prickly pear cactus survive in cold climates?
A: Yes, the plant is hardy in USDA hardiness zones 5-9 and can tolerate cold temperatures.Q: How do I propagate my prickly pear cactus?
A: You can propagate the plant by taking stem cuttings and planting them in well-draining soil.
Related Plants
– Opuntia Elata- Opuntia Cymochila- Opuntia Fragilis- Opuntia Microdasys
References
– “Opuntia humifusa.” Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed September 15, 2021. https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=277268.- “Prickly Pear Cactus.” National Park Service. Accessed September 15, 2021. https://www.nps.gov/subjects/cactus/prickly-pear-cactus.htm.
