Heracleum

Description

Heracleum is a genus of flowering plants in the carrot family, Apiaceae. It is commonly known as cow parsnip or hogweed. These plants are native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, including Europe, Asia, and North America. Some species of Heracleum can grow up to 10 feet tall, making them the tallest members of the Apiaceae family.

Taxonomic Information

Domain	Eukarya
Kingdom	Plantae
Phylum	Spermatophyta
Class	Magnoliopsida
Order	Apiales
Family	Apiaceae
Genus	Heracleum

Appearance

Heracleum species are herbaceous perennials that can grow to be quite large. The stems are tall and stout, with large leaves that are deeply divided and toothed. The flowers are arranged in large, umbrella-like clusters called umbels, and are typically white or yellow in color. The seeds are small and elliptical, and are often used as a spice in some cuisines.

Care Guide

Heracleum plants are relatively easy to care for, but they do have some specific requirements. They prefer consistently moist soil that is well-draining, and should be fertilized regularly during the growing season. These plants prefer full sun to partial shade, and can be grown in hardiness zones 3-9.

Common Pests & Diseases

Heracleum plants are generally not prone to many pests or diseases. However, they can be affected by some common garden pests like aphids, spider mites, and whiteflies. These pests can be controlled with insecticidal soap or neem oil. Diseases like powdery mildew and leaf spot can also occur, and can be treated with fungicides.

Habitat

Heracleum plants are found in a variety of habitats, including meadows, forests, and wetlands. They prefer moist soil and can often be found near streams or other bodies of water. Some species are considered invasive and can be found growing along roadsides or in disturbed areas.

Question and Answer

Q: Can Heracleum be grown in containers?

A: Yes, Heracleum can be grown in containers, but they will need a large pot and plenty of room to grow.

Q: Are Heracleum plants toxic?

A: Yes, some species of Heracleum contain toxic chemicals that can cause skin irritation or even blisters. It is important to wear gloves and protective clothing when handling these plants.

Q: Can Heracleum be propagated from seed?

A: Yes, Heracleum can be propagated from seed. Seeds should be sown in the spring or fall, and will take several weeks to germinate.

Q: How often should I water my Heracleum plant?

A: Heracleum plants prefer consistently moist soil, so they should be watered regularly to keep the soil from drying out completely. However, they can be sensitive to overwatering, so make sure the soil has good drainage.

Related Plants

• Angelica
• Carrots
• Celery
• Fennel
• Parsley

References

• “Heracleum.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 2 Aug. 2021, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heracleum.
• “Heracleum spp.” Missouri Botanical Garden, www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=281932.
• “Heracleum.” Royal Horticultural Society, www.rhs.org.uk/plants/search-results?form-mode=false&context=l%3Den%26q%3Dheracleum%26sl%3DplantForm.