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Description
Xanthosoma Sagittifolium, commonly known as arrowleaf elephant ear or malanga, is a tropical plant native to South America and the Caribbean. It belongs to the Araceae family, which includes other popular houseplants such as peace lilies and philodendrons. The plant is prized for its large, arrow-shaped leaves that can grow up to 2 feet long and 1 foot wide.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Spermatophyta |
| Class | Monocotyledonae |
| Order | Alismatales |
| Family | Araceae |
| Genus | Xanthosoma |
Appearance
The arrowleaf elephant ear has large, arrow-shaped leaves that can vary in color from dark green to bronze to purple. The leaves grow on long, slender stalks that can reach up to 3 feet in height. The plant can grow up to 6 feet tall and 3 feet wide, making it a showstopper in any garden or indoor space. In the summer, the plant produces small white flowers that are not particularly showy.
Care Guide
Xanthosoma Sagittifolium is a relatively easy plant to care for, but there are a few things to keep in mind:
- Water: Keep the soil moist but not waterlogged. Water whenever the top inch of soil feels dry to the touch.
- Fertilization: Feed the plant with a balanced fertilizer every 2-4 weeks during the growing season (spring and summer).
- Soil: Use a well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter.
- Sunlight: Arrowleaf elephant ear prefers bright, indirect light. Avoid direct sun, which can scorch the leaves.
- Hardiness Zones: Xanthosoma Sagittifolium is hardy in USDA zones 10-12. In cooler climates, it can be grown as a houseplant.
Common Pests & Diseases
The arrowleaf elephant ear is relatively pest and disease-resistant, but there are a few issues to watch out for:
- Spider mites: These tiny pests can suck the sap from the leaves, causing them to turn yellow and drop off. Treat with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
- Mealybugs: These white, cottony pests can also damage the plant by feeding on the sap. Treat with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
- Root rot: Overwatering can cause the roots to rot, which can be fatal for the plant. Make sure the soil is well-draining and allow the top inch of soil to dry out between waterings.
Habitat
Xanthosoma Sagittifolium is native to South America and the Caribbean, where it grows in tropical rainforests and wetlands. The plant prefers warm temperatures and high humidity, but it can also tolerate drier conditions if provided with enough water.
Question and Answer
Q: Can arrowleaf elephant ear be grown indoors?
A: Yes, arrowleaf elephant ear can be grown indoors as a houseplant. Just make sure to provide it with bright, indirect light and keep the soil moist.
Q: How often should I fertilize my arrowleaf elephant ear?
A: Feed your arrowleaf elephant ear with a balanced fertilizer every 2-4 weeks during the growing season (spring and summer). Avoid fertilizing during the winter when the plant is dormant.
Q: Why are my arrowleaf elephant ear leaves turning yellow?
A: Yellow leaves can be a sign of overwatering, underwatering, or pest infestation. Check the soil moisture and inspect the leaves for signs of pests. Adjust your care routine accordingly.
Q: How tall can arrowleaf elephant ear grow?
A: Arrowleaf elephant ear can grow up to 6 feet tall and 3 feet wide.
Related Plants
- Xanthosoma Robustum
- Xanthosoma Violaceum
- Xanthosoma Caracu
References
- Missouri Botanical Garden: Xanthosoma Sagittifolium
- Gardening Know How: Arrowleaf Elephant Ear Care: How To Grow Xanthosoma Sagittifolium
- University of Florida IFAS Extension: Arrowleaf Elephant Ear
