Contents
Description
Sesamum Indicum, also known as sesame, is an annual flowering plant that belongs to the family Pedaliaceae. It is one of the oldest oilseed crops in the world and is grown mainly for its seeds. Sesame seeds are widely used in cooking, especially in Asian and Middle Eastern cuisines. The plant is also used for medicinal purposes.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukarya |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Lamiales |
| Family | Pedaliaceae |
| Genus | Sesamum |
Appearance
The sesame plant can grow up to 1-2 meters tall and has narrow lance-shaped leaves that are about 2-8 cm long. The flowers are bell-shaped and can vary in color from white to pink, purple, or blue. The fruits are long, narrow capsules that contain small seeds. The seeds are oval-shaped, flat, and about 2-3 mm long.
Care Guide
Sesame plants require regular watering, especially during dry periods. They also need well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. Fertilization should be done with a balanced fertilizer every 2-3 weeks during the growing season. Sesame plants require full sun exposure and can grow in hardiness zones 9-11.
Common Pests & Diseases
Sesame plants are susceptible to various pests and diseases, including aphids, spider mites, leaf spot, and root rot. To prevent these issues, it is important to maintain proper watering and fertilization practices, as well as keeping the plants well-spaced to promote air circulation.
Habitat
Sesame plants are native to Africa and are now widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions around the world. They prefer warm temperatures and can grow in a variety of soils, from sandy loam to heavy clay.
Question and Answer
Q: What are some uses of sesame oil?
A: Sesame oil is used in cooking, as a salad dressing, and in cosmetics and skin care products.
Q: Can sesame seeds be eaten raw?
A: Yes, sesame seeds can be eaten raw or toasted.
Q: How long does it take for sesame plants to mature?
A: Sesame plants typically mature in about 90-120 days.
Q: What are some health benefits of sesame seeds?
A: Sesame seeds are a good source of protein, fiber, and healthy fats. They are also rich in vitamins and minerals, including calcium, iron, and magnesium.
Related Plants
- Sesbania grandiflora
- Sida rhombifolia
- Cleome viscosa
- Abelmoschus esculentus
References
- “Sesamum Indicum”. Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed September 20, 2021. https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=d100
- “Sesame”. National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research. Accessed September 20, 2021. https://www.nifes.no/en/dietary-supplements/plant-extracts/sesame/
- “Sesame”. Purdue University. Accessed September 20, 2021. https://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/afcm/sesame.html
