Santolina

Description

Santolina, also known as cotton lavender, is a genus of flowering plants in the sunflower family, native to the Mediterranean region. There are about 15 species of Santolina, with the most commonly cultivated ones being S. chamaecyparissus and S. rosmarinifolia. These plants are known for their silvery-gray foliage and yellow button-like flowers that bloom in summer. Santolina is often used for ornamental purposes as well as medicinal and culinary uses.

Taxonomic Information

Appearance

Santolina plants are low-growing, evergreen shrubs that can reach up to 2 feet tall and 3 feet wide. They have silvery-gray leaves that are narrow and linear, resembling rosemary leaves. The leaves are aromatic and emit a strong scent when crushed. In summer, the plants produce small, button-like yellow flowers that are held in clusters at the top of the stems. The flowers are usually about 1 inch in diameter and attract bees and other pollinators.

Care Guide

Santolina plants are relatively easy to care for and can thrive in a variety of conditions. Here are some tips for caring for your Santolina:

• Water: Santolina plants are drought-tolerant and do not require frequent watering. Water deeply once a week during the growing season, and reduce watering in the winter.
• Fertilization: Fertilize Santolina plants once a year in the spring with a balanced fertilizer. Do not over-fertilize, as this can lead to leggy growth.
• Soil: Santolina plants prefer well-draining soil that is not too rich in organic matter. They can tolerate sandy, rocky, or clay soils.
• Sunlight: Santolina plants thrive in full sun and can tolerate some partial shade. They need at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day.
• Hardiness Zones: Santolina plants are hardy in USDA zones 6 to 9.

Common Pests & Diseases

Santolina plants are generally resistant to pests and diseases, but they can still be affected by a few common issues:

• Spider mites: These tiny pests can cause yellowing and stippling on the leaves. Use insecticidal soap or neem oil to control them.
• Fungal diseases: Santolina plants can be susceptible to fungal diseases like powdery mildew and root rot. Ensure proper drainage and avoid overhead watering to prevent these issues.

Habitat

Santolina plants are native to the Mediterranean region, where they grow in dry, rocky soils and sunny, exposed slopes. They are often found in coastal areas and can tolerate salt spray and windy conditions. Santolina plants have been naturalized in other parts of the world, including North America and Australia.

Question and Answer

1. What is the best time to plant Santolina?
   The best time to plant Santolina is in the spring or fall when the weather is mild.
2. Can Santolina be grown in containers?
   Yes, Santolina can be grown in containers as long as the container has good drainage and the soil is well-draining.
3. Can Santolina be used for culinary purposes?
   Yes, Santolina leaves are sometimes used in cooking as a flavoring agent, particularly in Mediterranean cuisine.
4. Is Santolina deer-resistant?
   Yes, Santolina is generally considered to be deer-resistant.

Related Plants

• Centaurea
• Artemisia
• Lavandula
• Rosmarinus
• Helichrysum

References

• “Santolina chamaecyparissus.” Missouri Botanical Garden. https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=285693&isprofile=0&basic=santolina
• “Santolina rosmarinifolia.” Royal Horticultural Society. https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/305359/Santolina-rosmarinifolia/Details
• “Santolina.” Gardenia.net. https://www.gardenia.net/plant-variety/santolina-cotton-lavender