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Description
Rhus Coriaria, commonly known as sumac or Sicilian sumac, is a deciduous shrub or small tree native to the Mediterranean region. It belongs to the Anacardiaceae family and is known for its culinary and medicinal properties. The plant produces small, reddish-brown fruits that have a tangy, lemon-like flavor and are used as a spice in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisine. The leaves of Rhus Coriaria are also used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments such as diarrhea, dysentery, and fever.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukarya |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Spermatophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Sapindales |
| Family | Anacardiaceae |
| Genus | Rhus |
Appearance
Rhus Coriaria typically grows up to 3-4 meters in height and has a spreading, bushy habit. The plant has dark green, compound leaves that are alternate and pinnately divided into 11-31 leaflets. The leaflets are oblong in shape and have a serrated margin. In autumn, the leaves turn a beautiful reddish-orange color before dropping. The fruits of Rhus Coriaria are small, round, and reddish-brown in color. They are covered in fine hairs and have a sour, acidic taste.
Care Guide
Rhus Coriaria is a low-maintenance plant that is easy to grow in most conditions. Here are some care tips:
- Water: Rhus Coriaria is drought-tolerant and does not require frequent watering. However, it should be watered deeply once a week during the growing season if there is no rainfall.
- Fertilization: Rhus Coriaria does not require regular fertilization. However, you can apply a balanced fertilizer in early spring to promote growth.
- Soil: Rhus Coriaria prefers well-draining, sandy soil. It can tolerate a wide range of soil pH levels, from acidic to alkaline.
- Sunlight: Rhus Coriaria thrives in full sun but can also tolerate partial shade.
- Hardiness Zones: Rhus Coriaria is hardy in USDA zones 6-9.
Common Pests & Diseases
Rhus Coriaria is generally resistant to pests and diseases. However, it can be susceptible to the following:
- Spider mites: These tiny pests can cause discoloration and distortion of the leaves. They can be controlled with insecticidal soap.
- Scale insects: These pests can cause yellowing and wilting of the leaves. They can be controlled with horticultural oil.
- Powdery mildew: This fungal disease can cause a white, powdery coating on the leaves. It can be controlled with a fungicide.
Habitat
Rhus Coriaria is native to the Mediterranean region, where it grows in dry, rocky areas and on hillsides. It is commonly found in countries such as Italy, Greece, Turkey, and Morocco. The plant is also cultivated in other parts of the world, including the United States, where it is grown for its ornamental and culinary value.
Question and Answer
Q: Is Rhus Coriaria toxic?
A: No, Rhus Coriaria is not toxic to humans or animals. However, some people may be allergic to the plant’s sap, which can cause skin irritation.
Q: Can Rhus Coriaria be grown in containers?
A: Yes, Rhus Coriaria can be grown in containers as long as they are large enough to accommodate the plant’s root system.
Q: How long does it take for Rhus Coriaria to bear fruit?
A: Rhus Coriaria typically bears fruit in its third or fourth year of growth.
Q: Can Rhus Coriaria be used as a natural dye?
A: Yes, the fruits and leaves of Rhus Coriaria can be used to produce a red-brown dye that is used in textiles and leather.
Related Plants
- Rhus glabra
- Rhus typhina
- Rhus aromatica
- Rhus chinensis
References
- “Rhus coriaria.” Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed September 20, 2021. https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=j510.
- “Rhus coriaria.” Plants for a Future. Accessed September 20, 2021. https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Rhus+coriaria.
- “Sumac.” Encyclopædia Britannica. Accessed September 20, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/plant/sumac.
