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Description
Polypodium is a genus of ferns that belongs to the family Polypodiaceae. This genus consists of around 200 species, which can be found all around the world. The name Polypodium is derived from the Greek words “poly” meaning many and “pous” meaning foot, which refers to its many-lobed leaves. These ferns are highly valued for their ornamental value and are grown in gardens, terrariums and indoor spaces.
Taxonomic Information
Domain | Eukaryota |
---|---|
Kingdom | Plantae |
Phylum | Pteridophyta |
Class | Polypodiopsida |
Order | Polypodiales |
Family | Polypodiaceae |
Genus | Polypodium |
Appearance
Polypodium ferns have a unique appearance that sets them apart from other fern species. They have long, thin, and wiry rhizomes that give rise to fronds. The fronds are typically pinnately divided, and each pinna is further divided into lobes. The lobes are usually toothed or notched, giving the fronds a delicate, lacy appearance. The fronds can grow up to 60 cm in length and are typically dark green in color. Some species of Polypodium have hairy scales on their fronds, which give them a fuzzy appearance.
Care Guide
Polypodium ferns are relatively easy to care for and can thrive both indoors and outdoors. Below are some tips on how to care for your Polypodium plant:
- Water: Polypodium ferns prefer moist soil, so make sure to water them regularly. Keep the soil evenly moist, but not water-logged.
- Fertilization: Feed your Polypodium ferns with a balanced fertilizer once a month during the growing season (spring and summer).
- Soil: Polypodium ferns prefer well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. A mixture of peat moss, perlite, and sand works well.
- Sunlight: Polypodium ferns prefer partial shade, so avoid exposing them to direct sunlight.
- Hardiness Zones: Polypodium ferns can grow in USDA hardiness zones 9-11.
Common Pests & Diseases
Polypodium ferns are relatively resistant to pests and diseases, but like any plant, they can be affected by a few common ailments:
- Spider Mites: These tiny pests can suck the sap from the leaves, causing them to turn yellow and fall off. Treat infestations with insecticidal soap.
- Scale: These pests attach themselves to the leaves and suck the sap, causing yellowing and wilting. Treat infestations with insecticidal soap.
- Fungal Diseases: Polypodium ferns can be affected by fungal diseases such as root rot and leaf spot. These diseases can be prevented by watering the plant properly and avoiding overhead watering.
Habitat
Polypodium ferns can be found all around the world, from the tropics to the temperate regions. They typically grow in shady areas, such as under the canopies of trees and in rock crevices. Some species of Polypodium are epiphytes, which means they grow on tree trunks and branches without harming the host tree.
Question and Answer
Q: How often should I water my Polypodium ferns?
A: Water your Polypodium ferns regularly, keeping the soil evenly moist but not waterlogged.
Q: What type of soil is best for Polypodium ferns?
A: Polypodium ferns prefer well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. A mixture of peat moss, perlite, and sand works well.
Q: Can Polypodium ferns be grown indoors?
A: Yes, Polypodium ferns can be grown indoors as long as they are placed in a bright, indirect light and kept away from drafts.
Q: How do I propagate Polypodium ferns?
A: Polypodium ferns can be propagated by dividing the rhizomes or by spores.
Related Plants
- Adiantum
- Asplenium
- Athyrium
- Blechnum
- Cyrtomium
- Dryopteris
- Polystichum
References
- Flora of North America: Polypodium
- RHS: Polypodium
- The Plant List: Polypodium
- University of Florida: Polypodium