Polypodiaceae
Contents
Description
Polypodiaceae is a family of ferns that includes over 900 species. These plants are found in almost every continent and are known for their amazing diversity of form and function. They range in size from small, delicate species that grow only a few inches tall to large, tree-like ferns that can reach up to 60 feet in height. Some Polypodiaceae species are epiphytes, meaning they grow on other plants, while others are terrestrial, growing in soil.
Taxonomic Information
Here is the taxonomic information for the Polypodiaceae family:
| Domain | Eukarya |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Pteridophyta |
| Class | Polypodiopsida |
| Order | Polypodiales |
| Family | Polypodiaceae |
| Genus | Various |
Appearance
Polypodiaceae ferns come in a wide variety of sizes and shapes. They can be small and delicate, with fronds that are only a few inches long, or they can be large and tree-like, with fronds that can reach up to 60 feet in height. The leaves of these plants are usually long and thin, with many small leaflets branching off from a central stem. The fronds can be either evergreen or deciduous, and some species have a waxy coating on their leaves that helps to protect them from drying out.
Care Guide
Polypodiaceae ferns are relatively easy to care for and can be grown indoors or outdoors. Here are some tips for caring for these plants:
Water
Polypodiaceae ferns prefer moist soil, so it is important to keep the soil consistently damp. However, be careful not to overwater, as this can lead to root rot.
Fertilization
These plants do not require much fertilizer, but you can use a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer once a month during the growing season to help promote healthy growth.
Soil
Polypodiaceae ferns prefer well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. You can use a commercial potting soil or make your own by mixing equal parts peat moss, vermiculite, and perlite.
Sunlight
Most Polypodiaceae ferns prefer bright, indirect light. However, some species can tolerate low light conditions, making them ideal for growing indoors. Avoid direct sunlight, as this can scorch the leaves.
Hardiness Zones
Most Polypodiaceae ferns are hardy in USDA zones 9-11. However, some species can tolerate colder temperatures and can be grown in zones 5-8.
Common Pests & Diseases
Polypodiaceae ferns are relatively pest and disease resistant, but they can still be susceptible to certain problems. Here are some common pests and diseases to watch out for:
Pests
- Scale insects
- Mealybugs
- Spider mites
Diseases
- Brown spots on leaves, which can be caused by overwatering or poor drainage
- Yellowing leaves, which can be caused by too much direct sunlight
- Black spots on leaves, which can be caused by fungal infections
Habitat
Polypodiaceae ferns can be found in almost every continent, from tropical rainforests to arid deserts. Some species are epiphytes, meaning they grow on other plants, while others are terrestrial, growing in soil. These plants can be found in a wide range of habitats, including forests, swamps, and rocky cliffs.
Question and Answer
Here are some common questions and answers related to Polypodiaceae ferns:
Q: Can Polypodiaceae ferns be grown indoors?
A: Yes, many Polypodiaceae ferns can be grown indoors. They prefer bright, indirect light and moist soil.
Q: How often should I water my Polypodiaceae fern?
A: Polypodiaceae ferns prefer consistently moist soil, so it is important to water them regularly. However, be careful not to overwater, as this can lead to root rot.
Q: What is the best soil for Polypodiaceae ferns?
A: Polypodiaceae ferns prefer well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. You can use a commercial potting soil or make your own by mixing equal parts peat moss, vermiculite, and perlite.
Q: What are some common pests and diseases that affect Polypodiaceae ferns?
A: Common pests include scale insects, mealybugs, and spider mites. Common diseases include brown spots on leaves, yellowing leaves, and black spots on leaves.
Related Plants
Here are some other ferns that are related to Polypodiaceae:
- Adiantaceae (maidenhair fern family)
- Aspleniaceae (spleenwort family)
- Athyriaceae (lady fern family)
- Blechnaceae (chain fern family)
- Cyatheaceae (tree fern family)
- Dennstaedtiaceae (bracken fern family)
- Dryopteridaceae (wood fern family)
- Pteridaceae (brake fern family)
References
- “Polypodiaceae.” Encyclopedia Britannica, https://www.britannica.com/plant/Polypodiaceae (accessed July 12, 2021).
- “Polypodiaceae.” Missouri Botanical Garden, http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=b772 (accessed July 12, 2021).
- “Polypodiaceae.” The Spruce, https://www.thespruce.com/polypodiaceae-profile-3269376 (accessed July 12, 2021).
