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Description
Mentha Spicata Subsp. Spicata, commonly known as Spearmint, is a species of the mint family Lamiaceae. It is a perennial herb that grows up to 1 meter tall with a spreading habit. Spearmint is known for its characteristic aroma and flavor, which is commonly used in culinary and medicinal applications.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukarya |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Lamiales |
| Family | Lamiaceae |
| Genus | Mentha |
Appearance
Spearmint has a square stem, which is hairy and green in color. The leaves are oblong to lanceolate in shape, with a toothed margin. The leaves are dark green and shiny on the upper surface, while the lower surface is lighter in color and covered in fine hairs. The plant produces small, white to pink flowers in terminal spikes, which bloom in mid to late summer.
Care Guide
To grow Spearmint, it is important to keep the following care tips in mind:Water: Spearmint requires regular watering, especially during hot and dry weather. The soil should be kept moist, but not waterlogged.Fertilization: Spearmint benefits from regular fertilization with a balanced fertilizer. Apply fertilizer every 4-6 weeks during the growing season.Soil: Spearmint prefers well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. The pH should be between 6.0-7.0.Sunlight: Spearmint prefers partial shade to full sun. It can tolerate some shade, but it will grow more slowly.Hardiness Zones: Spearmint is hardy in USDA zones 3-11.
Common Pests & Diseases
Spearmint is generally free from serious pests and diseases. However, it can be susceptible to the following:Spider mites: These tiny insects can cause damage to the leaves, causing them to turn yellow or brown. They can be controlled with insecticidal soap or neem oil.Mint rust: This fungal disease causes yellow-orange pustules on the underside of the leaves. It can be controlled with fungicides.
Habitat
Spearmint is native to Europe and Asia, but it has been widely cultivated around the world. It grows in moist, shady areas, such as along streams and in wetlands. It is often found in gardens, where it is grown for its culinary and medicinal uses.
Question and Answer
Q: Can Spearmint be grown indoors?
A: Yes, Spearmint can be grown indoors in a bright, sunny location.Q: How often should Spearmint be harvested?
A: Spearmint should be harvested frequently to encourage bushy growth. It can be harvested as needed throughout the growing season.Q: How can I propagate Spearmint?
A: Spearmint can be propagated through division or stem cuttings.Q: Can Spearmint be used for medicinal purposes?
A: Yes, Spearmint has several medicinal properties, including its use as a digestive aid and a natural remedy for headaches.
Related Plants
Here are some related plants to Spearmint:
- Peppermint (Mentha x piperita)
- Chocolate Mint (Mentha x piperita f. citrata ‘Chocolate’)
- Apple Mint (Mentha suaveolens)
- Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium)
References
- “Mentha spicata subsp. spicata.” Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed August 30, 2021. https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=c429.
- “Spearmint.” The Spruce. Accessed August 30, 2021. https://www.thespruce.com/growing-spearmint-plants-1402842.
- “Mentha spicata.” Plants For A Future. Accessed August 30, 2021. https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Mentha+spicata.
