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Description
Melocactus Smithii, commonly known as the barrel cactus, is a type of cactus that belongs to the Cactaceae family. It is native to the Caribbean, specifically in the island of Hispaniola. This cactus is named after John Smith, a British botanist who discovered it in 1782.The Melocactus Smithii is characterized by its spherical shape and tall, cylindrical stem that can grow up to 30 cm in height and 15 cm in diameter. It has a ribbed surface and a woolly areole that produces spines and hair. The spines are usually black, brown, or white and grow up to 5 cm long.This cactus is unique because it has a cephalium, a woolly structure that grows on top of the stem. The cephalium produces bright red, pink, or purple flowers that bloom in the summer. These flowers are followed by small, red fruit that are edible but not commonly consumed.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Caryophyllales |
| Family | Cactaceae |
| Genus | Melocactus |
Appearance
The Melocactus Smithii has a striking appearance that makes it a popular choice for cactus collectors. Its spherical shape and tall, cylindrical stem give it a unique look that sets it apart from other cacti.The stem of the Melocactus Smithii is ribbed and has a woolly areole that produces spines and hair. The spines are usually black, brown, or white and grow up to 5 cm long. The cephalium, which grows on top of the stem, is also woolly and produces bright red, pink, or purple flowers that bloom in the summer. The fruit that follows the flowers is small, red, and edible but not commonly consumed.
Care Guide
To keep your Melocactus Smithii healthy and thriving, here are some care tips to follow:Water: This cactus requires minimal watering, especially during the winter months. Water it only when the soil is completely dry.Fertilization: Fertilize your Melocactus Smithii once a month during the growing season with a cactus-specific fertilizer.Soil: Plant your Melocactus Smithii in well-draining soil, such as a cactus mix, to prevent root rot.Sunlight: This cactus prefers full sun exposure, but it can also tolerate some shade.Hardiness Zones: The Melocactus Smithii is hardy in USDA zones 10 and 11.
Common Pests & Diseases
The Melocactus Smithii is generally a hardy plant that is not susceptible to many pests and diseases. However, here are some common issues to watch out for:Mealybugs: These insects can infest the woolly areoles and cause damage to the plant. Use a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol to remove them.Root Rot: Overwatering can cause root rot, which can be fatal to your cactus. Ensure that the soil is well-draining and that you only water it when the soil is completely dry.
Habitat
The Melocactus Smithii is native to the Caribbean, specifically in the island of Hispaniola. It thrives in hot and dry conditions, such as deserts and arid regions. This cactus prefers well-draining soil and full sun exposure.
Question and Answer
Q: Can I grow Melocactus Smithii indoors?
A: Yes, you can grow Melocactus Smithii indoors as long as it is placed in a bright and sunny spot.Q: How often should I water my Melocactus Smithii?
A: Water your Melocactus Smithii only when the soil is completely dry.Q: How tall can a Melocactus Smithii grow?
A: A Melocactus Smithii can grow up to 30 cm in height and 15 cm in diameter.Q: Is the fruit of the Melocactus Smithii edible?
A: Yes, the fruit of the Melocactus Smithii is edible but not commonly consumed.
Related Plants
Here are some plants that are related to the Melocactus Smithii:- Cereus peruvianus- Echinocactus grusonii- Gymnocalycium mihanovichii- Opuntia ficus-indica- Rebutia muscula
References
– “Melocactus Smithii.” PlantZAfrica, National Botanical Institute, 2004, www.plantzafrica.com/plantklm/melocactussmith.htm.- “Melocactus Smithii.” World of Succulents, n.d., www.worldofsucculents.com/melocactus-smithii-barrel-cactus/.
