Matthiola

Description

Matthiola, also known as stock or gillyflower, is a genus of flowering plants in the Brassicaceae family. This genus includes approximately 50 species of annual, biennial, and perennial plants that are native to Europe and Asia. Matthiola is characterized by its fragrant and colorful flowers that bloom in shades of pink, purple, white, and red.

Taxonomic Information

Appearance

Matthiola plants range in size from 6 inches to 3 feet tall, depending on the species. They have lance-shaped leaves that are usually hairy or rough to the touch. The flowers are typically four-petaled and form clusters at the ends of the stems. Matthiola flowers come in a variety of colors, including pink, purple, white, and red. They are also known for their sweet and spicy fragrance, which is most potent in the evening.

Care Guide

Matthiola plants are relatively easy to care for, making them a popular choice for gardeners of all skill levels. Here are some tips for growing and caring for Matthiola:

Water

Matthiola plants prefer moist soil, so be sure to water them regularly. However, be careful not to overwater, as this can lead to root rot.

Fertilization

Matthiola plants benefit from regular fertilization. Use a balanced, all-purpose fertilizer every two weeks during the growing season.

Soil

Matthiola plants prefer well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. Avoid planting in heavy clay soils.

Sunlight

Matthiola plants prefer full sun but can tolerate some shade. In hot climates, they may benefit from some afternoon shade.

Hardiness Zones

Matthiola plants are hardy in USDA zones 6-9.

Common Pests & Diseases

Matthiola plants are relatively pest and disease resistant. However, they may be susceptible to aphids, spider mites, and powdery mildew. To prevent these problems, keep the plants well-watered and fertilized, and remove any infected plant material promptly.

Habitat

Matthiola plants are native to Europe and Asia and are commonly found in meadows, fields, and along roadsides. They prefer cool climates and are often grown as annuals in warmer regions.

Question and Answer

Q: Can Matthiola plants be grown indoors?

A: Yes, Matthiola plants can be grown indoors as long as they receive plenty of sunlight and are kept in well-draining soil.

Q: How often should Matthiola plants be fertilized?

A: Matthiola plants should be fertilized every two weeks during the growing season.

Q: How tall do Matthiola plants typically grow?

A: Matthiola plants can range in height from 6 inches to 3 feet, depending on the species.

Q: Are Matthiola plants fragrant?

A: Yes, Matthiola plants are known for their sweet and spicy fragrance, which is most potent in the evening.

Related Plants

• Hesperis matronalis (Dame’s Rocket)
• Iberis sempervirens (Evergreen Candytuft)
• Alyssum (Sweet Alyssum)
• Petunia (Petunia)

References

• “Matthiola.” Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=287222
• “Matthiola.” Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthiola
• “Growing Matthiola Plants.” Gardening Know How. https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/flowers/stock/growing-matthiola-plants.htm