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Description
Ilex Paraguariensis, commonly known as Yerba Mate, is a species of holly native to South America, specifically Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, and Paraguay. It is an evergreen tree that can grow up to 50 feet tall in the wild, but is often pruned to a bush size for cultivation purposes. The leaves of the plant are used to make a popular beverage known as Mate.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Spermatophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Aquifoliales |
| Family | Aquifoliaceae |
| Genus | Ilex |
Appearance
The leaves of Ilex Paraguariensis are leathery and shiny, with a serrated edge. They are typically between 2 to 4 inches long and 1 to 2 inches wide. The tree produces small, white flowers in the spring, which are followed by red berries in the fall. The bark of the tree is grayish-brown and has a rough texture.
Care Guide
Ilex Paraguariensis prefers well-draining soil that is kept consistently moist. It should be watered deeply once a week during the growing season, and less frequently during the winter months. The plant should be fertilized every 2-3 months with a balanced fertilizer. It prefers partial shade, but can tolerate full sun in cooler climates. The tree is hardy to USDA zones 8-9.
Common Pests & Diseases
Ilex Paraguariensis is susceptible to spider mites, scale insects, and mealybugs. These pests can be controlled with insecticidal soap or neem oil. The tree is also prone to root rot if overwatered, and can develop leaf spot if grown in humid conditions. Proper watering and good air circulation can help prevent these issues.
Habitat
Ilex Paraguariensis is native to the Atlantic Forest biome in South America. It is commonly found in Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. The tree grows in subtropical and temperate climates, and can be found at elevations up to 4,000 feet above sea level.
Question and Answer
Q: Is Ilex Paraguariensis easy to grow?
A: With proper care, Ilex Paraguariensis can be relatively easy to grow.
Q: Can Ilex Paraguariensis be grown indoors?
A: While it can be grown indoors, Ilex Paraguariensis prefers to be grown outside in a partially shaded area.
Q: Can Ilex Paraguariensis be used for anything besides making tea?
A: Yes, the leaves can be used to make a variety of other products, such as cosmetics and herbal remedies.
Q: How tall can Ilex Paraguariensis grow?
A: In the wild, it can grow up to 50 feet tall, but is often pruned to a smaller size for cultivation purposes.
Related Plants
- Ilex vomitoria
- Ilex aquifolium
- Ilex opaca
- Ilex crenata
References
- “Ilex paraguariensis.” Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed 24 Nov. 2021. <http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=b766>.
- “Ilex paraguariensis.” The Plant List. Accessed 24 Nov. 2021. <http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2869043>.
- “Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis).” Rainforest Alliance. Accessed 24 Nov. 2021. <https://www.rainforest-alliance.org/species/yerba-mate>.
