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Description
Frangula rubra, commonly known as red alder or Oregon alder, is a deciduous shrub that is native to North America. It belongs to the Rhamnaceae family and is characterized by its beautiful foliage, which turns from green to red in the fall. The plant is also known for its ability to thrive in a variety of soil types, making it a popular choice for landscaping and erosion control.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukarya |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Spermatophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Rhamnales |
| Family | Rhamnaceae |
| Genus | Frangula |
Appearance
The leaves of Frangula rubra are alternate, simple, and ovate to elliptic in shape. They are typically 5-10 cm long and have a glossy, dark green color. In the fall, the leaves turn various shades of red, adding a pop of color to the landscape. The plant can grow up to 6 meters tall and has a shrubby habit. The bark is smooth and grayish-brown in color.
Care Guide
Frangula rubra is a relatively low-maintenance plant that is easy to care for. Here are some tips for keeping your plant healthy:
- Water: Water your plant regularly, especially during dry spells. The soil should be moist, but not waterlogged.
- Fertilization: Fertilize your plant in the spring with a balanced fertilizer. Follow the instructions on the package carefully.
- Soil: Frangula rubra can tolerate a variety of soil types, but prefers well-drained soil that is rich in organic matter.
- Sunlight: The plant prefers full to partial sun, but can tolerate some shade.
- Hardiness Zones: Frangula rubra is hardy in USDA zones 4-7.
Common Pests & Diseases
Frangula rubra is relatively pest and disease-free, but can be susceptible to the following:
- Root Rot: Over-watering or poorly drained soil can lead to root rot.
- Leaf Spot: Leaf spot is a fungal disease that can cause brown spots on the leaves.
- Aphids: Aphids can occasionally infest the plant, causing yellowing of the leaves and stunted growth.
Habitat
Frangula rubra is native to North America and can be found in a variety of habitats, including woodlands, streambanks, and wetlands. The plant is particularly well-suited to riparian zones, where it can help stabilize streambanks and prevent erosion.
Question and Answer
Q: Is Frangula rubra a good plant for erosion control?
A: Yes, Frangula rubra is an excellent plant for erosion control thanks to its ability to thrive in a variety of soil types and its extensive root system.
Q: Can Frangula rubra be grown in containers?
A: Yes, Frangula rubra can be grown in containers, but it will require regular watering and fertilization.
Q: Does Frangula rubra attract wildlife?
A: Yes, Frangula rubra is a great plant for attracting wildlife, particularly birds and pollinators.
Q: Can Frangula rubra be used for medicinal purposes?
A: Yes, Frangula rubra has been used for centuries by Native American tribes for its laxative properties.
Related Plants
- Frangula alnus (alder buckthorn)
- Frangula californica (California coffeeberry)
- Frangula caroliniana (Carolina buckthorn)
References
- “Frangula rubra.” Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed August 25, 2021. https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=c414.
- “Red Alder.” Oregon State University. Accessed August 25, 2021. https://oregonstate.edu/dept/ldplants/frru.htm.
- “Frangula rubra.” USDA Plants Database. Accessed August 25, 2021. https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=FRRU.
