Erysimum

Description

Erysimum, commonly known as wallflowers, is a genus of flowering plants that belongs to the Brassicaceae family. This genus includes about 180 species of annuals, biennials, and perennials. They are native to Europe, Asia, and North Africa, but have been introduced to other parts of the world as ornamental plants.

Taxonomic Information

Appearance

Erysimum plants have narrow, lance-shaped leaves that are often green or gray-green in color. The flowers are usually yellow, orange, or purple, and are arranged in dense clusters at the top of the stems. They bloom in spring or early summer, and some species may have a second bloom in the fall. The plants can grow up to 90 cm tall, but some species are smaller and more compact.

Care Guide

Erysimum plants prefer well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. They do best in full sun to part shade, and require regular watering during the growing season. Fertilize with a balanced fertilizer every three to four weeks during the growing season. Erysimum plants are hardy in USDA zones 6 to 10, but some species may be more cold-tolerant than others.

Common Pests & Diseases

Erysimum plants are susceptible to aphids, spider mites, and whiteflies, which can be controlled with insecticidal soap or neem oil. They may also develop fungal diseases such as powdery mildew or downy mildew, which can be treated with fungicides. Proper cultural practices such as good air circulation and avoiding overhead watering can help prevent these issues.

Habitat

Erysimum plants are native to Europe, Asia, and North Africa, and are found in a variety of habitats including grasslands, meadows, and rocky slopes. They have been introduced to other parts of the world as ornamental plants, and can be found in gardens, parks, and other cultivated areas.

Question and Answer

Q: Are Erysimum plants poisonous?

A: Erysimum plants are not known to be toxic to humans or animals.

Q: Can Erysimum plants be grown in containers?

A: Yes, Erysimum plants can be grown in containers as long as they have good drainage and are provided with adequate water and nutrients.

Q: How often should Erysimum plants be pruned?

A: Erysimum plants can be pruned after flowering to encourage bushier growth and a second bloom in the fall.

Q: Can Erysimum plants be propagated from seeds?

A: Yes, Erysimum plants can be propagated from seeds, which should be sown in the fall or early spring.

Related Plants

• Hesperis
• Iberis
• Matthiola

References

• “Erysimum.” Missouri Botanical Garden, www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=c258.
• “Erysimum.” Royal Horticultural Society, www.rhs.org.uk/plants/erysimum.
• “Wallflower.” Britannica, www.britannica.com/plant/wallflower.