Contents
Description
Eriophorum, commonly known as cotton grass, is a genus of plants belonging to the Cyperaceae family. The genus name Eriophorum is derived from the Greek words “erion” meaning wool and “phoros” meaning bearer. This refers to the fluffy white hairs that cover the seeds of the plants, giving them a cotton-like appearance. There are around 25 species of Eriophorum that are distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere, particularly in the Arctic and subarctic regions.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukarya |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Liliopsida |
| Order | Poales |
| Family | Cyperaceae |
| Genus | Eriophorum |
Appearance
Eriophorum plants typically grow up to 60 cm in height and have long, narrow leaves that are sharply triangular in cross-section. The flowers of the plants are borne in dense, cylindrical clusters that are held above the leaves on tall, slender stems. The flowers themselves are small and inconspicuous, but are surrounded by long, white or brown bristles that give them a striking appearance. The bristles are actually modified leaves that are flattened and curled to form a tuft of soft, cotton-like hairs that help to disperse the seeds.
Care Guide
Eriophorum plants are hardy and adaptable, and can grow in a variety of soil types and moisture conditions. They prefer moist, well-drained soils that are rich in organic matter, and require regular watering during dry spells. Fertilization is not usually necessary, but a light application of a balanced fertilizer in the spring can help to promote healthy growth. Eriophorum plants prefer full sun to partial shade, and can tolerate a wide range of temperatures and growing conditions. They are generally hardy to USDA zones 2-9.
Common Pests & Diseases
Eriophorum plants are generally resistant to most pests and diseases, but can occasionally be affected by fungal infections or insect infestations. Rust and leaf spot are common fungal diseases that can affect the leaves and stems of the plants, while aphids and spider mites can cause damage by feeding on the plant sap. These problems can usually be controlled by removing infected leaves or treating the plants with an appropriate insecticide or fungicide.
Habitat
Eriophorum plants are found throughout the Northern Hemisphere, particularly in the Arctic and subarctic regions. They are adapted to cold, wet environments, and can be found growing in wetlands, bogs, and other areas with high soil moisture. Some species of Eriophorum are also found in alpine meadows or on mountain slopes, where they can tolerate harsh temperatures and growing conditions.
Question and Answer
Q: What is the origin of the genus name Eriophorum?
A: The genus name Eriophorum is derived from the Greek words “erion” meaning wool and “phoros” meaning bearer, referring to the cotton-like hairs that cover the seeds of the plants.
Q: Where are Eriophorum plants typically found?
A: Eriophorum plants are generally found in the Northern Hemisphere, particularly in the Arctic and subarctic regions. They are adapted to cold, wet environments, and can be found growing in wetlands, bogs, and other areas with high soil moisture.
Q: What are some common pests and diseases that can affect Eriophorum plants?
A: Eriophorum plants are generally resistant to most pests and diseases, but can occasionally be affected by fungal infections or insect infestations. Rust and leaf spot are common fungal diseases that can affect the leaves and stems of the plants, while aphids and spider mites can cause damage by feeding on the plant sap.
Q: What growing conditions do Eriophorum plants prefer?
A: Eriophorum plants prefer moist, well-drained soils that are rich in organic matter, and require regular watering during dry spells. They prefer full sun to partial shade, and are generally hardy to USDA zones 2-9.
Related Plants
- Carex
- Cyperus
- Schoenoplectus
- Scirpus
References
- Flora of North America. (n.d.). Eriophorum. Retrieved from http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=112475
- RHS. (n.d.). Eriophorum angustifolium. Retrieved from https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/6225/Eriophorum-angustifolium/Details
- USDA. (n.d.). Plants Profile for Eriophorum. Retrieved from https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=ERIOP
