Epimedium

Description

Epimedium, also known as barrenwort, bishop’s hat, or fairy wings, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Berberidaceae. It comprises over 60 species of hardy deciduous or evergreen perennials that are native to Asia, Europe, and North America. Epimediums have been cultivated for their ornamental value since the 18th century and are highly valued for their delicate foliage and attractive flowers.

Taxonomic Information

Appearance

Epimediums are low-growing, clump-forming plants that typically reach a height of 6-18 inches and a spread of 12-24 inches. They have heart-shaped or oval leaves that are often glossy, leathery, and evergreen. The leaves may be green, bronze, or reddish in color and have distinct veining patterns that resemble fishbones. The flowers of Epimediums are small, delicate, and borne in clusters on wiry stems. They are typically pink, white, yellow, or purple and bloom from late winter to early summer.

Care Guide

Epimediums are easy to care for and can thrive in a variety of growing conditions. Here are some tips for growing healthy and vibrant Epimediums:

• Water: Epimediums prefer moist, well-draining soil. Water regularly during the growing season to keep the soil evenly moist.
• Fertilization: Apply a balanced fertilizer in early spring to promote healthy growth and flowering.
• Soil: Epimediums prefer rich, humusy soil that is slightly acidic. Amend the soil with compost or well-rotted manure before planting.
• Sunlight: Epimediums prefer partial shade to full shade. They can tolerate some morning sun but should be protected from hot afternoon sun.
• Hardiness Zones: Epimediums are hardy in USDA zones 4-9.

Common Pests & Diseases

Epimediums are generally free from serious pests and diseases. However, they may be susceptible to some common problems like:

• Slugs and snails: These pests can damage the leaves and flowers of Epimediums. Use slug bait or handpick the pests to control their population.
• Powdery mildew: This fungal disease can cause a white powdery coating on the leaves of Epimediums. Use a fungicide or remove infected leaves to prevent the spread of the disease.
• Leaf spot: This bacterial disease can cause brown spots on the leaves of Epimediums. Remove infected leaves and avoid overhead watering to prevent the spread of the disease.

Habitat

Epimediums are native to woodlands and rocky areas in Asia, Europe, and North America. They grow best in moist, shady environments and can be found in forests, meadows, and along streams and riverbanks. Epimediums are popular ornamental plants in gardens, parks, and landscapes around the world.

Question and Answer

Q: Are Epimediums deer-resistant?

A: Yes, Epimediums are deer-resistant due to their tough, leathery leaves that are unpalatable to deer.

Q: Can Epimediums be grown in containers?

A: Yes, Epimediums can be grown in containers as long as they have enough room to spread and are planted in well-draining soil.

Q: When is the best time to divide Epimediums?

A: The best time to divide Epimediums is in early spring before new growth appears.

Q: Do Epimediums attract pollinators?

A: Yes, Epimediums are attractive to bees, butterflies, and other pollinators due to their delicate flowers.

Related Plants

• Berberis
• Mahonia
• Nandina
• Podophyllum
• Trillium

References

• Dirr, M. A. (2009). Dirr’s encyclopedia of trees and shrubs. Timber Press.
• Grey-Wilson, C. (1993). Epimediums: a gardeners introduction. Timber Press.
• Stearn, W. T. (2004). Stearn’s dictionary of plant names for gardeners. Timber Press.