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Description
Dryopteris Filix-Mas, also known as the male fern or buckler fern, is a common fern species that is native to Europe, Asia, and North America. It belongs to the family Dryopteridaceae and is characterized by its elegant fronds that can grow up to 150 cm in length.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukaryota |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Polypodiopsida |
| Order | Polypodiales |
| Family | Dryopteridaceae |
| Genus | Dryopteris |
Appearance
The fronds of Dryopteris Filix-Mas are dark green and leathery, with a triangular shape and a pointed tip. They are pinnate, with the pinnae (leaflets) alternating on either side of the rachis (stem). The fronds emerge in early spring and can remain green until late autumn.
Care Guide
Dryopteris Filix-Mas is a hardy fern species that can tolerate a wide range of growing conditions. Here are some tips for caring for this plant:
- Water: Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Avoid allowing the soil to dry out completely.
- Fertilization: Apply a balanced fertilizer during the growing season to promote healthy growth.
- Soil: Plant Dryopteris Filix-Mas in well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter.
- Sunlight: This fern species prefers partial shade to shade. Avoid exposing it to direct sunlight, as this can scorch the fronds.
- Hardiness Zones: Dryopteris Filix-Mas is hardy in USDA zones 4-8.
Common Pests & Diseases
Dryopteris Filix-Mas is relatively resistant to pests and diseases, but it can be affected by the following:
- Spider mites: These tiny pests can cause yellowing and browning of the fronds. Control with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
- Scale insects: These pests can cause yellowing and distortion of the fronds. Control with horticultural oil or insecticidal soap.
- Fungal diseases: Dryopteris Filix-Mas can be affected by various fungal diseases, such as rust and leaf spot. Control with fungicides and by improving air circulation around the plant.
Habitat
Dryopteris Filix-Mas is commonly found in woodlands, hedgerows, and other shaded areas. It prefers moist, well-draining soil and can tolerate a range of soil types.
Question and Answer
Q: Can Dryopteris Filix-Mas be grown indoors?
A: Yes, this fern species can be grown indoors as long as it is provided with adequate humidity and indirect light.
Q: How often should Dryopteris Filix-Mas be fertilized?
A: Apply a balanced fertilizer every 4-6 weeks during the growing season.
Q: How often should Dryopteris Filix-Mas be watered?
A: Water the plant whenever the top inch of soil feels dry to the touch.
Q: How can I propagate Dryopteris Filix-Mas?
A: This fern species can be propagated by division in early spring or by spores in late summer.
Related Plants
- Dryopteris erythrosora
- Dryopteris marginalis
- Dryopteris expansa
References
- Missouri Botanical Garden. (n.d.). Dryopteris filix-mas. Retrieved from https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=b473
- RHS. (2021). Dryopteris filix-mas. Retrieved from https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/2059/dryopteris-filix-mas/details
- University of Illinois Extension. (n.d.). Male Fern. Retrieved from https://web.extension.illinois.edu/dmp/palette/060504.html
