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Description
Dendrocnide Excelsa, commonly known as the stinging tree, is a plant species native to Australia. It belongs to the nettle family and is known for its potent sting, which can cause extreme pain and discomfort to humans and animals. The plant is also called gympie-gympie, giant stinging tree, and moonlighter.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukaryota |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Urticales |
| Family | Urticaceae |
| Genus | Dendrocnide |
Appearance
The stinging tree can grow up to 50 meters tall and has large, heart-shaped leaves that measure up to 35 centimeters in length. The leaves are covered in tiny, needle-like hairs that contain a potent toxin called gympietides. The tree also produces small, greenish-white flowers that form in clusters and eventually develop into small, black fruit.
Care Guide
The stinging tree is a hardy plant that requires minimal care. It prefers well-draining soil and moderate watering. Fertilization is not necessary, but a light application of balanced fertilizer can be given in spring. The plant thrives in full sun to partial shade and can tolerate a wide range of temperatures.
It is important to note that handling the plant can cause severe pain and discomfort. It is recommended to wear protective clothing, including gloves and long sleeves, when handling the plant. If stung, the affected area should be rinsed with water and a cold compress applied to alleviate pain.
Common Pests & Diseases
The stinging tree is relatively resistant to pests and diseases. However, it can be affected by leaf spot, root rot, and scale insects. Regular inspection and proper care can help prevent these issues.
Habitat
The stinging tree is native to rainforests in eastern Australia, including Queensland and New South Wales. It can also be found in Papua New Guinea and Indonesia. The plant thrives in moist, tropical environments and can grow in a range of soil types.
Question and Answer
Q: Can the stinging tree kill humans?
A: While the sting of the stinging tree can cause extreme pain and discomfort, it is unlikely to be fatal to humans. However, the sting can cause anaphylaxis in some individuals, which can be life-threatening.
Q: How long does the pain from a stinging tree sting last?
A: The pain from a stinging tree sting can last for several hours to several days, depending on the severity of the sting and the individual’s sensitivity.
Q: How can I prevent stinging tree stings?
A: The best way to prevent stinging tree stings is to avoid handling the plant or coming into contact with its leaves. If handling is necessary, protective clothing should be worn.
Q: Can the stinging tree be grown in a home garden?
A: While the stinging tree can be grown in a home garden, it is not recommended due to its potent sting and potential harm to humans and animals.
Related Plants
- Dendrocnide Moroides
- Dendrocnide Photinophylla
- Dendrocnide Cordifolia
References
- Queensland Government Department of Environment and Science. (2021). Dendrocnide excelsa. Retrieved from https://apps.des.qld.gov.au/species-search/details/?id=17044
- Australian Museum. (2021). Giant Stinging Tree. Retrieved from https://australian.museum/learn/animals/spiders/giant-stinging-tree/
- Encyclopedia Britannica. (2021). Stinging tree. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/plant/stinging-tree
