Cynara

Description

Cynara, commonly known as artichoke or cardoon, is a genus of perennial thistle-like plants in the sunflower family (Asteraceae). They are native to the Mediterranean region and are widely grown for their edible flower buds and ornamental value. The plants have large, lobed leaves and produce tall stalks with spiny, thistle-like flower heads. Cynara plants can grow up to 6 feet tall and 4 feet wide, depending on the species and growing conditions.

Taxonomic Information

Domain	Eukaryota
Kingdom	Plantae
Phylum	Tracheophyta
Class	Magnoliopsida
Order	Asterales
Family	Asteraceae
Genus	Cynara

Appearance

Cynara plants have large, lobed leaves that can grow up to 3 feet long and 2 feet wide. The leaves are green-gray in color and have a silvery sheen. The plants produce tall stalks that can grow up to 6 feet tall and are topped with spiny, thistle-like flower heads. The flower heads can be up to 6 inches in diameter and are composed of many small, purple or greenish flowers. Cynara plants are known for their ornamental value and are often grown in gardens and landscapes.

Care Guide

Cynara plants are generally easy to care for and can thrive in a variety of growing conditions. Here are some tips for caring for your Cynara plant:

• Water: Cynara plants prefer well-draining soil and should be watered regularly, especially during hot, dry weather.
• Fertilization: Fertilize your Cynara plant with a balanced fertilizer once a month during the growing season.
• Soil: Cynara plants prefer well-draining, fertile soil. Amend the soil with compost or other organic matter before planting.
• Sunlight: Cynara plants prefer full sun to partial shade. Plant them in a location that receives at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day.
• Hardiness Zones: Cynara plants are hardy in USDA zones 7-11.

Common Pests & Diseases

Cynara plants are generally pest-resistant, but they can be susceptible to a few common pests and diseases:

• Aphids: These small insects can suck the sap from the leaves and stems of Cynara plants. Control aphids by spraying the plants with a strong stream of water or using insecticidal soap.
• Slugs and snails: These pests can feed on the leaves and flowers of Cynara plants. Control slugs and snails by handpicking them or using bait traps.
• Fungal diseases: Cynara plants can be susceptible to fungal diseases such as powdery mildew and verticillium wilt. Control fungal diseases by improving air circulation around the plants and avoiding overhead watering.

Habitat

Cynara plants are native to the Mediterranean region and are commonly found in southern Europe, northern Africa, and the Middle East. They grow in a variety of habitats, including rocky slopes, fields, and coastal regions. Cynara plants have been cultivated for thousands of years and are now grown in many parts of the world for their edible flower buds and ornamental value.

Question and Answer

Q: Can Cynara plants tolerate frost?

A: Cynara plants are generally hardy in USDA zones 7-11 and can tolerate some frost, but they may need protection during extended periods of cold weather.

Q: How often should I water my Cynara plant?

A: Cynara plants prefer well-draining soil and should be watered regularly, especially during hot, dry weather. Water deeply once a week or as needed to keep the soil evenly moist.

Q: Can I grow Cynara plants in containers?

A: Yes, Cynara plants can be grown in containers. Choose a large container with good drainage and fill it with a well-draining potting mix. Water and fertilize regularly and provide plenty of sunlight.

Q: Are all parts of the Cynara plant edible?

A: The edible part of the Cynara plant is the flower bud. The leaves and stems can be tough and bitter and are not commonly eaten.

Related Plants

• Helichrysum
• Echinacea
• Globularia
• Artemisia

References

• “Cynara cardunculus L.” Plants for a Future.
• “Cynara.” Missouri Botanical Garden.
• “Artichoke.” University of Florida Extension.