Cycadales

Description

Cycadales, also known as cycads, are a group of ancient plants that have been around since the time of the dinosaurs, over 200 million years ago. They are gymnosperms, which means they produce seeds without flowers or fruit. Cycads are dioecious, which means they have separate male and female plants. They are typically found in tropical and subtropical regions around the world, and are known for their distinctive appearance and slow growth.

Taxonomic Information

Domain	Eukarya
Kingdom	Plantae
Phylum	Cycadophyta
Class	Cycadopsida
Order	Cycadales
Family	Cycadaceae, Zamiaceae and Stangeriaceae
Genus	Cycas, Zamia, Dioon, Encephalartos, and many more

Appearance

Cycads are known for their distinctive appearance, with a stout trunk and a crown of large, feathery leaves. The leaves are typically pinnate or bipinnate, and can be up to several meters long. The trunk is typically unbranched and can be covered in a rough, scaly bark. Cycads also produce large cones that contain seeds, which are often brightly colored and highly ornamental.

Care Guide

Cycads are relatively low-maintenance plants, but they do require some specific care to thrive. Here are some tips for caring for your cycads:- Water: Cycads prefer well-draining soil and moderate watering. Water thoroughly when the soil is dry to the touch, but be careful not to overwater.- Fertilization: Cycads benefit from regular fertilization with a balanced, slow-release fertilizer. Apply fertilizer in the spring and summer.- Soil: Cycads prefer well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. Avoid heavy, clay soils.- Sunlight: Cycads prefer bright, indirect sunlight. Avoid direct sunlight, especially during the hottest part of the day.- Hardiness Zones: Cycads are typically hardy in USDA zones 8-11, but this can vary depending on the species.

Common Pests & Diseases

Cycads are relatively pest-resistant, but they can be susceptible to a few common pests and diseases. Here are some of the most common issues to watch out for:- Scale insects: These small insects can be found on the leaves and stems of cycads, and can cause yellowing and wilting of the leaves. Treat with insecticidal soap or neem oil.- Mealybugs: These white, cottony insects can be found on the leaves and stems of cycads, and can cause stunted growth and yellowing of the leaves. Treat with insecticidal soap or neem oil.- Fusarium wilt: This fungal disease can cause yellowing and wilting of the leaves, as well as stunted growth and eventual death of the plant. There is no cure, so infected plants should be removed and destroyed.

Habitat

Cycads are typically found in tropical and subtropical regions around the world, including parts of Africa, Asia, Australia, and the Americas. They are often found in rocky, well-draining soils, and can be found growing in the wild in a variety of habitats, including forests, grasslands, and deserts.

Question and Answer

Q: Are cycads toxic to pets?

A: Yes, cycads can be toxic to pets if ingested. The leaves and seeds contain toxins that can cause vomiting, diarrhea, and even death in some cases. Keep cycads out of reach of pets.

Q: How long do cycads live?

A: Cycads are known for their slow growth and long lifespan. Some species can live for hundreds of years, with some specimens estimated to be over a thousand years old.

Q: Can cycads be grown in containers?

A: Yes, many cycad species can be grown in containers. Be sure to use a well-draining soil mix and provide regular fertilization and watering.

Q: Are cycads endangered?

A: Many cycad species are endangered due to habitat loss, overcollection, and other factors. Some species are protected by law, and it is important to only obtain cycads from reputable sources.

Related Plants

– Ginkgo biloba- Conifers (Pinophyta)- Welwitschia mirabilis- Horsetails (Equisetum)

References

– “Cycadaceae.” Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., n.d. Web. 07 July 2021.- “Cycads in South Africa.” SANBI Cycad Pages. South African National Biodiversity Institute, n.d. Web. 07 July 2021.- “Cycads: The World’s Most Endangered Plants.” The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 02 Dec. 2010. Web. 07 July 2021.