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Description
Couma is a tropical plant botanically known as Couma macrocarpa. It belongs to the family Apocynaceae, which includes other plants such as the oleander and periwinkle. Couma is native to South America, specifically the Amazon region, and can grow up to 60 feet tall in its natural habitat. It is a slow-growing plant that can take years to reach maturity but can live for hundreds of years.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukarya |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Spermatophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Gentianales |
| Family | Apocynaceae |
| Genus | Couma |
Appearance
Couma has large, shiny, dark green leaves that can grow up to 12 inches long and 6 inches wide. The leaves are arranged in whorls around the stem and can be either simple or compound. The plant produces large, showy, white or cream-colored flowers that can be up to 4 inches in diameter. The fruit is a large, woody, pear-shaped capsule that can be up to 8 inches long and 6 inches wide. When ripe, the fruit splits open to reveal numerous flat, brown seeds that are surrounded by a white, fibrous pulp.
Care Guide
Couma requires well-draining soil and prefers a slightly acidic pH. It needs to be watered regularly, but not overwatered, as it is sensitive to root rot. Fertilize the plant every six months with a balanced fertilizer. Couma prefers partial shade but can tolerate full sun if provided with adequate water. It is hardy in USDA zones 10-12 and will not tolerate temperatures below 40°F.
Common Pests & Diseases
Couma is prone to scale insects and spider mites. These pests can be controlled with insecticidal soap or neem oil. The plant can also be affected by fungal diseases such as powdery mildew and root rot. These diseases can be prevented by avoiding overwatering and maintaining good air circulation around the plant.
Habitat
Couma is native to the Amazon region of South America, where it grows in tropical rainforests. It prefers well-draining soil and partial shade. The plant is used for its medicinal properties by indigenous tribes in the Amazon.
Question and Answer
Q: Is Couma toxic to pets?
A: Yes, Couma is toxic to pets and should be kept away from them.
Q: Can Couma be grown indoors?
A: Yes, Couma can be grown indoors as long as it is provided with adequate light and humidity.
Q: How often should Couma be fertilized?
A: Couma should be fertilized every six months with a balanced fertilizer.
Q: How tall can Couma grow?
A: Couma can grow up to 60 feet tall in its natural habitat.
Related Plants
- Periwinkle (Vinca minor)
- Oleander (Nerium oleander)
- Frangipani (Plumeria spp.)
References
- “Couma macrocarpa.” Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed August 19, 2021. https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=287930&isprofile=0&basic=couma%20macrocarpa.
- “Couma macrocarpa.” Plants of the World Online. Accessed August 19, 2021. http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:78645-1.
