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Description
Clitoria Mariana, commonly known as butterfly pea or Atlantic pigeonwings, is a herbaceous perennial wildflower that is native to North America. It belongs to the family Fabaceae, the same family as beans and peas. The plant can grow up to 3 feet tall and has a spread of up to 4 feet. It produces beautiful blue flowers that bloom from May to September. The flowers are about 1-2 inches long and have a distinctive shape that resembles a butterfly.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukarya |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Fabales |
| Family | Fabaceae |
| Genus | Clitoria |
Appearance
The butterfly pea has a woody base and produces long, slender stems that are covered in small, green leaves. The leaves are pinnately compound, meaning they have multiple leaflets arranged on either side of a central stem. The blue flowers have five petals and are shaped like a butterfly, with a long, narrow upper petal called the banner, two side petals called the wings, and two lower petals fused together to form a keel. The flowers are usually seen in clusters at the end of the stems. The plant produces seed pods that are about 2 inches long and contain several seeds.
Care Guide
The butterfly pea is a hardy plant that requires minimal care. It prefers well-drained soil and can tolerate drought conditions. Here are some care tips:
- Water: Water the plant deeply once a week, especially during periods of drought.
- Fertilization: Fertilize the plant once a month during the growing season with a balanced fertilizer.
- Soil: The plant prefers well-drained soil with a pH of 6.0-7.5.
- Sunlight: The butterfly pea prefers full sun but can tolerate partial shade.
- Hardiness Zones: The plant is hardy in zones 6-9.
Common Pests & Diseases
The butterfly pea is relatively pest and disease-free. However, it can be susceptible to root rot if the soil is not well-drained. Here are some common problems:
- Root Rot: This can occur if the soil is not well-drained, causing the roots to rot. To prevent this, ensure the plant is planted in well-drained soil.
- Aphids: These tiny insects can suck sap from the plant, causing leaves to curl and turn yellow. To control aphids, spray the plant with a mild insecticidal soap.
- Spider Mites: These pests can cause leaves to turn yellow and become covered in fine webs. To control spider mites, spray the plant with a mild insecticidal soap.
Habitat
Butterfly pea is native to North America and can be found in various habitats, including dry open woods, prairies, and meadows. It prefers well-drained soil and can tolerate drought conditions. The plant is beneficial to pollinators, such as bees and butterflies, who are attracted to its blue flowers.
Question and Answer
Q: Is butterfly pea edible?
A: Yes, the plant is edible and has been used in traditional medicine and cuisine in some cultures.
Q: Can butterfly pea be grown in containers?
A: Yes, the plant can be grown in containers as long as it has proper drainage and receives enough sunlight.
Q: How often should butterfly pea be fertilized?
A: Fertilize the plant once a month during the growing season with a balanced fertilizer.
Q: How long do butterfly pea flowers last?
A: The flowers of butterfly pea last for about a day before fading.
Related Plants
- Clitoria ternatea (Blue Butterfly Pea)
- Phaseolus vulgaris (Common Bean)
- Crotalaria spectabilis (Showy Rattlebox)
- Desmodium canadense (Showy Tick Trefoil)
References
- USDA Plants Database: Clitoria mariana
- University of Florida IFAS Extension: Clitoria mariana
- Missouri Botanical Garden: Clitoria mariana
