Citrus Sinensis Moro

Description

Citrus Sinensis Moro, commonly known as the Blood Orange, is a fruit tree that belongs to the Citrus genus of the Rutaceae family. This evergreen tree is native to Italy and is now widely cultivated in warm climates worldwide. The Blood Orange is named after its deep red and sometimes maroon flesh, which is caused by the presence of anthocyanins, a pigment that develops in response to temperature fluctuations during ripening.

Taxonomic Information

Appearance

The Blood Orange tree can grow up to 20 feet tall with a similar spread. It has a dense, round canopy with glossy, dark green leaves that emit a fragrant citrus scent when crushed. The tree produces white, fragrant flowers that bloom from late winter to early spring, followed by the fruit in late fall to winter. The fruit is medium-sized and has a slightly flattened shape, with a thick, pitted rind that is orange to red in color. The flesh of the fruit is deep red to maroon, and sometimes has reddish streaks. The fruit contains few to many seeds, depending on the cultivar.

Care Guide

The Blood Orange tree requires regular care to produce healthy fruit. Here are some care tips:- Water: The tree needs regular watering, especially during hot, dry weather. Water deeply once or twice a week, depending on the weather and soil type.- Fertilization: The tree benefits from regular fertilization with a citrus-specific fertilizer. Apply the fertilizer according to the package instructions, usually every 6-8 weeks during the growing season.- Soil: The tree prefers well-draining soil that is slightly acidic (pH 6.0-7.0). If the soil is heavy and clay-like, amend it with sand, peat moss, or other organic matter to improve drainage.- Sunlight: The tree needs full sun to produce good fruit. Plant in a location that receives at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day.- Hardiness Zones: The Blood Orange is hardy in USDA zones 9-11, which have mild winters and warm summers.

Common Pests & Diseases

The Blood Orange tree is susceptible to several pests and diseases, including:- Scale insects: These insects suck sap from the leaves and stems, causing yellowing and stunted growth. Control with insecticidal soap or horticultural oil.- Citrus leaf miner: These insects tunnel into the leaves, causing silvery trails and distorted growth. Control with insecticidal soap or horticultural oil.- Phytophthora root rot: This fungal disease causes root damage and can kill the tree. Avoid overwatering and plant in well-drained soil.- Citrus greening: This bacterial disease causes yellowing, stunted growth, and bitter fruit. There is no cure, so infected trees should be removed to prevent spreading.

Habitat

The Blood Orange tree is native to Italy and is now widely cultivated in warm climates worldwide. It prefers a subtropical climate with mild winters and warm summers. The tree can tolerate some frost, but prolonged cold temperatures can damage or kill it.

Question and Answer

Q: Can the Blood Orange tree be grown in a container?

A: Yes, the tree can be grown in a container, but it may not produce as much fruit as a tree planted in the ground.

Q: How long does it take for the fruit to ripen?

A: The fruit ripens in late fall to winter, depending on the cultivar.

Q: How often should the tree be pruned?

A: The tree should be pruned lightly in late winter to remove any dead or damaged branches. It can also be selectively pruned to shape the canopy or control the size of the tree.

Q: What is the best way to protect the tree from frost?

A: Cover the tree with a frost blanket or burlap during cold weather, and provide additional heat with a frost protection device or outdoor heater.

Related Plants

• Citrus sinensis ‘Cara Cara’
• Citrus sinensis ‘Valencia’
• Citrus limon ‘Meyer’
• Citrus reticulata ‘Clementine’

References

• “Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck.” Plants of the World Online. Kew Science.
• “Citrus sinensis ‘Moro’ Blood Orange.” University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences.
• “Blood Orange.” California Rare Fruit Growers.