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Description
Citrus Japonica, also known as Japanese Citrus or Kumquat, is a small citrus fruit native to Japan. It is a slow-growing, evergreen shrub that can grow up to 10 feet tall, but is usually kept smaller for easier cultivation. The fruit is small, round or oval-shaped, and has a thin, sweet peel that can be eaten along with the pulp. The flesh of the fruit is acidic and has a tangy flavor, similar to that of a lemon or lime. Citrus Japonica is commonly used in culinary dishes, as well as for medicinal purposes due to its high vitamin C content.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukaryota |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Spermatophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Sapindales |
| Family | Rutaceae |
| Genus | Citrus |
Appearance
Citrus Japonica has an overall rounded shape and dense foliage. The leaves are glossy, dark green, and oval-shaped, measuring approximately 2-3 inches long. The flowers are small and white, with a sweet fragrance. The fruit is small, measuring approximately 1-2 inches in diameter, and is either round or oval-shaped. The skin of the fruit is thin and edible, and ranges in color from yellow to orange. The flesh of the fruit is tart and juicy, with one to four seeds inside.
Care Guide
Citrus Japonica requires specific care in order to grow and produce fruit. Here are some tips:
Water
Water Citrus Japonica regularly, keeping the soil moist but not waterlogged. During the growing season, water the plant once a week, and reduce watering during the winter months.
Fertilization
Fertilize Citrus Japonica every four to six weeks during the growing season with a balanced fertilizer. Avoid fertilizing during the winter months.
Soil
Citrus Japonica prefers well-draining soil that is slightly acidic. A soil pH of 5.5 to 6.5 is optimal for this plant.
Sunlight
Citrus Japonica needs full sun in order to grow and produce fruit. Place the plant in a location that receives at least six hours of direct sunlight per day.
Hardiness Zones
Citrus Japonica thrives in USDA hardiness zones 8-11. If you live in a cooler climate, consider growing the plant in a container that can be brought indoors during the winter months.
Common Pests & Diseases
Citrus Japonica is susceptible to a variety of pests and diseases, including:
Pests
- Aphids
- Scale insects
- Spider mites
Diseases
- Citrus canker
- Root rot
- Gummosis
To prevent these issues, regularly inspect your plant for signs of pests or disease, and take action immediately if you notice anything unusual. Use a horticultural oil or insecticidal soap to control pests, and treat diseases with a copper fungicide.
Habitat
Citrus Japonica is native to Japan, where it grows in warm, humid conditions. It prefers well-draining soil and full sun, and can tolerate some cold weather, but not frost. The plant is commonly grown in containers and used as an ornamental plant in gardens and as a patio tree.
Question and Answer
Q: How often should I water my Citrus Japonica?
A: Water Citrus Japonica once a week during the growing season, and reduce watering during the winter months.
Q: What type of soil does Citrus Japonica prefer?
A: Citrus Japonica prefers well-draining soil that is slightly acidic. A soil pH of 5.5 to 6.5 is optimal for this plant.
Q: How do I fertilize my Citrus Japonica?
A: Fertilize Citrus Japonica every four to six weeks during the growing season with a balanced fertilizer. Avoid fertilizing during the winter months.
Q: What pests and diseases should I watch out for with Citrus Japonica?
A: Citrus Japonica is susceptible to aphids, scale insects, spider mites, citrus canker, root rot, and gummosis. Regularly inspect your plant for signs of pests or disease, and take action immediately if you notice anything unusual.
Related Plants
- Citrus aurantifolia (Key Lime)
- Citrus limon (Lemon)
- Citrus sinensis (Sweet Orange)
- Citrus reticulata (Mandarin Orange)
References
- “Citrus japonica.” Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed 10 July 2021. <https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=286770&isprofile=0&pt=3>.
- “Kumquat.” University of Florida IFAS Extension. Accessed 10 July 2021. <https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/mg057>.
- “Kumquat.” Texas A&M AgriLife Extension. Accessed 10 July 2021. <https://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/fruit-nut/fact-sheets/kumquat/>.
