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Description
Capsicum Pubescens, commonly known as the Rocoto or Manzano pepper, is a perennial plant that belongs to the Solanaceae family. It is native to the Andean region of South America and is widely cultivated for its edible fruit. The Rocoto pepper is known for its distinctive taste and heat level, which ranges from mild to extremely hot.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukarya |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Solanales |
| Family | Solanaceae |
| Genus | Capsicum |
| Species | Capsicum Pubescens |
Appearance
The Rocoto pepper plant can grow up to 6 feet tall and 3 feet wide. Its leaves are dark green, hairy, and heart-shaped, and can grow up to 8 inches long. The flowers are white or greenish-white and have a star-like shape. The fruit is round or slightly elongated, and can vary in color from green to red, yellow, or orange. The Rocoto pepper fruit has a thick flesh and can grow up to 3 inches in diameter.
Care Guide
The Rocoto pepper plant requires regular care to thrive. Here are some tips:
- Water: Water the plant regularly, making sure the soil is moist but not waterlogged.
- Fertilization: Use a balanced fertilizer every two weeks during the growing season.
- Soil: The Rocoto pepper plant prefers well-draining soil with a pH of 6.0 to 7.0.
- Sunlight: The plant needs at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day.
- Hardiness Zones: The Rocoto pepper plant can grow in USDA hardiness zones 9-11.
Common Pests & Diseases
The Rocoto pepper plant can be susceptible to several pests and diseases, including:
- Aphids: Small, soft-bodied insects that can cause stunted growth and yellowing of leaves.
- Spider mites: Tiny, red or black pests that can cause yellowing and discoloration of leaves.
- Fungal diseases: Diseases such as powdery mildew and verticillium wilt can affect the Rocoto pepper plant.
Habitat
The Rocoto pepper plant is native to the Andean region of South America, where it grows in the high-altitude regions of Peru, Bolivia, and Chile. It prefers cool temperatures and can grow in rocky or sandy soil.
Question and Answer
Q: How hot is the Rocoto pepper?
A: The heat level of the Rocoto pepper can vary, but it is generally considered to be medium to hot, with a Scoville rating of 30,000 to 100,000.
Q: Can the Rocoto pepper be grown in containers?
A: Yes, the Rocoto pepper plant can be grown in containers, but it will require adequate space and regular care.
Q: How long does it take for the Rocoto pepper plant to produce fruit?
A: The Rocoto pepper plant can take up to 8 months to produce fruit, depending on growing conditions and climate.
Q: Can the Rocoto pepper be dried and used for seasoning?
A: Yes, the Rocoto pepper can be dried and used for seasoning, but it is important to handle it carefully as it can be very spicy.
Related Plants
- Capsicum Annuum (Bell pepper, Chili pepper)
- Capsicum Chinense (Habanero pepper, Scotch bonnet pepper)
- Capsicum Frutescens (Tabasco pepper, Thai pepper)
- Capsicum Baccatum (Aji pepper, Peruvian pepper)
References
- “Capsicum Pubescens.” Missouri Botanical Garden, www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=281428.
- “Rocoto Pepper.” Vegetable Gardening Life, www.vegetablegardeninglife.com/rocoto-pepper.html.
- “Growing Rocoto Peppers: The Complete Guide.” Pepper Geek, 21 June 2021, peppergeek.com/growing-rocoto-peppers/.
