Caleana

Description

Caleana is a genus of flowering plants in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. The name Caleana is derived from the Greek word ‘kaleos’ meaning beauty, and refers to the unique and striking appearance of the flowers. The genus contains only one species, Caleana major, which is commonly known as the Flying Duck Orchid. This orchid is native to Australia, where it can be found in the southern and eastern parts of the country, including Tasmania.

Taxonomic Information

Domain	Eukaryota
Kingdom	Plantae
Phylum	Tracheophyta
Class	Liliopsida
Order	Asparagales
Family	Orchidaceae
Genus	Caleana

Appearance

The Flying Duck Orchid gets its name from its unique and striking appearance. The flowers of this orchid resemble a duck in flight, with the lip of the flower resembling the head and beak of the bird. The flowers are small, measuring only 2-3 cm in length, and are usually a reddish-brown color with yellow markings. The leaves of the plant are thin and elongated, measuring around 10-15 cm in length. The plant itself is small, usually only growing to around 20 cm in height.

Care Guide

Caring for Caleana can be a bit tricky, as this orchid has specific requirements that must be met in order for it to thrive. Here are some important care tips to keep in mind:

Water

Caleana prefers to be kept moist, but not overly wet. Water the plant thoroughly once a week, making sure that the water drains out of the bottom of the pot. Avoid letting the plant sit in standing water.

Fertilization

Use a balanced fertilizer every two weeks during the growing season (spring and summer). Do not fertilize during the dormant season (fall and winter).

Soil

Caleana prefers well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. Use a potting mix specifically designed for orchids, or create your own mix using bark, perlite, and peat moss.

Sunlight

Caleana prefers bright, indirect light. Avoid placing the plant in direct sunlight, as this can cause the leaves to burn.

Hardiness Zones

Caleana is not a cold-hardy plant and should be kept indoors in most climates. It is suitable for growing in USDA hardiness zones 9 and above.

Common Pests & Diseases

Caleana is relatively pest and disease-resistant, but there are a few issues to watch out for:

Spider Mites

Spider mites can be a problem for Caleana if the plant is kept in a dry environment. Look for tiny web-like structures on the leaves, as well as yellowing and wilting of the foliage. Treat infestations with an insecticidal soap or neem oil.

Root Rot

Overwatering can lead to root rot in Caleana, which can be fatal to the plant. Signs of root rot include yellowing and wilting of the leaves, as well as a foul smell coming from the soil. To prevent root rot, make sure the soil is well-draining and allow the soil to dry out slightly between waterings.

Habitat

Caleana is native to Australia, where it can be found growing in open forests and heathlands. It prefers well-drained soils that are high in organic matter, and can often be found growing in rocky or sandy areas. The plant is adapted to fire-prone environments and will often resprout from underground tubers after a fire.

Question and Answer

Q: Can Caleana be grown outdoors?

A: Caleana is not a cold-hardy plant and should be kept indoors in most climates. However, it can be grown outdoors in warmer climates that do not experience frosts or freezes.

Q: How often should I fertilize my Caleana?

A: Use a balanced fertilizer every two weeks during the growing season (spring and summer). Do not fertilize during the dormant season (fall and winter).

Q: Can I propagate Caleana?

A: Caleana can be propagated by dividing the plant at the rhizome. This should be done in the spring, just as new growth is beginning to emerge.

Q: How often should I water my Caleana?

A: Water the plant thoroughly once a week, making sure that the water drains out of the bottom of the pot. Avoid letting the plant sit in standing water.

Related Plants

• Caladenia
• Drakaea
• Hammerorchis
• Pyrorchis

References

• “Caleana major.” Australian Native Plants Society.
• “Caleana major.” Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria.
• “Flying Duck Orchid.” Gardening Australia.