Blechnum
Contents
Description
Blechnum is a diverse genus of ferns with over 200 species found all over the world. They are mostly terrestrial ferns, but some species can be epiphytic or lithophytic. Blechnum ferns are characterized by their long, lance-shaped fronds that are usually leathery and glossy. The fronds can grow up to several feet in length, making them a popular choice for landscaping and indoor gardening.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukarya |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Pteridophyta |
| Class | Polypodiopsida |
| Order | Polypodiales |
| Family | Blechnaceae |
| Genus | Blechnum |
Appearance
Blechnum ferns have long, linear fronds that are usually dark green and glossy. The fronds can grow up to several feet in length, and are often arranged in a rosette pattern. Some species have fronds that are finely dissected, giving them a delicate appearance. The spores of Blechnum ferns are usually located on the undersides of the fronds, and can be used to identify different species.
Care Guide
Blechnum ferns are relatively easy to care for, but they do have specific requirements. Here are some tips for growing healthy Blechnum ferns:- Water: Blechnum ferns prefer consistently moist soil, but they don’t like to be waterlogged. Water them when the top inch of soil feels dry to the touch.- Fertilization: Blechnum ferns don’t need a lot of fertilizer, but they will benefit from a balanced, slow-release fertilizer once or twice a year.- Soil: Blechnum ferns prefer well-draining, slightly acidic soil. A mix of peat moss, perlite, and vermiculite works well.- Sunlight: Blechnum ferns prefer bright, indirect light. They can tolerate some direct sunlight, but too much can scorch their leaves.- Hardiness Zones: Blechnum ferns are hardy in USDA zones 8-11. They can be grown as houseplants in cooler climates.
Common Pests & Diseases
Blechnum ferns are relatively resistant to pests and diseases, but they can still be affected by a few common problems:- Scale insects: These small insects can be seen on the undersides of the fronds. They can be removed by wiping the fronds with a damp cloth, or by using a horticultural oil spray.- Mealybugs: Mealybugs are small, white insects that can be found on the undersides of the fronds. They can be removed using a horticultural oil spray.- Root rot: Overwatering or poorly-draining soil can lead to root rot in Blechnum ferns. To prevent this, make sure the soil is well-draining and allow it to dry out slightly between waterings.
Habitat
Blechnum ferns are found in a wide variety of habitats, including tropical rainforests, temperate woodlands, and even alpine meadows. They prefer moist, well-draining soil and partial shade, but can tolerate a range of growing conditions.
Question and Answer
Q: Can Blechnum ferns be grown indoors?
A: Yes, Blechnum ferns can be grown indoors in bright, indirect light. Make sure to keep the soil consistently moist and provide regular fertilization.
Q: How often should I water my Blechnum fern?
A: Water your Blechnum fern when the top inch of soil feels dry to the touch. Be careful not to overwater, as this can lead to root rot.
Q: What is the best soil mix for Blechnum ferns?
A: Blechnum ferns prefer well-draining, slightly acidic soil. A mix of peat moss, perlite, and vermiculite works well.
Q: Can Blechnum ferns be propagated?
A: Yes, Blechnum ferns can be propagated by spores or by division. To propagate by spores, collect the spores from the undersides of mature fronds and sow them in a well-draining potting mix. To propagate by division, carefully remove the plant from its pot and separate the roots into smaller sections, making sure each section has some leaves attached.
Related Plants
Here are some related plants in the Blechnaceae family:- Woodwardia- Sadleria- Stenochlaena- Doodia- Salpichlaena
References
– Flora of North America: Blechnum- The Plant List: Blechnum- University of Florida IFAS Extension: Ferns for Florida Landscapes
