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Description
Apocynum androsaemifolium, commonly known as dogbane or spreading dogbane, is a native herbaceous perennial plant in the Apocynaceae family. It is commonly found in North America, from Canada to Florida, and is often found in open fields, along roadsides, and in disturbed areas.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukarya |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Angiosperms |
| Class | Dicotyledonae |
| Order | Gentianales |
| Family | Apocynaceae |
| Genus | Apocynum |
Appearance
Apocynum androsaemifolium grows up to 3 feet tall and 2 feet wide, with a woody stem and branches that grow upright or spread horizontally. The leaves are alternate, simple, and ovate, with a dark green color and a smooth texture. The flowers are small, pink or white, and bloom in clusters at the end of the branches in late spring to early summer. The fruit is a follicle that contains numerous seeds and is about 3-4 inches long.
Care Guide
Apocynum androsaemifolium is a low maintenance plant that thrives in full sun to partial shade and well-drained soil. It is drought tolerant and can withstand dry conditions, but it prefers regular watering during the growing season. Fertilization is not necessary, but a light application of compost or organic fertilizer in the spring can help promote growth. It is hardy in USDA zones 3-8.
Common Pests & Diseases
Apocynum androsaemifolium is relatively pest and disease resistant, but it can be susceptible to aphids and spider mites. These pests can be controlled by spraying the plant with a strong jet of water or by using insecticidal soap. The plant can also be affected by fungal diseases such as powdery mildew and leaf spot, which can be treated with a fungicide.
Habitat
Apocynum androsaemifolium is commonly found in open fields, meadows, prairies, and along roadsides. It prefers well-drained soil and can grow in a variety of soil types, including sandy, loamy, and clay soils. It is also tolerant of dry conditions and can grow in areas with low rainfall.
Question and Answer
Q: Is Apocynum androsaemifolium poisonous?
A: Yes, all parts of the plant contain cardiac glycosides, which can be toxic if ingested.
Q: Can Apocynum androsaemifolium be propagated by seed?
A: Yes, the plant can be propagated by seed, which can be collected in the fall and sown in the spring.
Q: Does Apocynum androsaemifolium have any medicinal properties?
A: Yes, the plant has been used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of ailments, including heart disease, digestive problems, and respiratory issues.
Q: Does Apocynum androsaemifolium attract pollinators?
A: Yes, the plant is attractive to bees and butterflies and is an important source of nectar for these pollinators.
Related Plants
- Apocynum cannabinum
- Asclepias tuberosa
- Echinacea purpurea
- Milkweed (Asclepias spp.)
References
- USDA Plants Database. (n.d.). Apocynum androsaemifolium L. Retrieved from https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=apan
- Missouri Botanical Garden. (n.d.). Apocynum androsaemifolium. Retrieved from https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=b618
- University of Wisconsin-Madison Division of Extension. (n.d.). Dogbane, spreading. Retrieved from https://fyi.extension.wisc.edu/weedsci/2013/05/16/dogbane-spreading/
