Apiaceae

Description

The Apiaceae family, also known as the carrot or parsley family, is a diverse group of flowering plants that includes over 3,700 species. The family is named after its type genus, Apium, which includes celery and parsley. These plants are known for their characteristic umbels (umbrella-shaped clusters of flowers) and hollow stems. Many members of this family are important food crops, such as carrots, parsnips, celery, and fennel. Others are used for medicinal purposes, such as angelica and ginseng.

Taxonomic Information

Appearance

Apiaceae plants have a range of appearances, but many share common characteristics. They typically have compound leaves that are highly dissected, giving them a lacy appearance. The flowers are arranged in umbels, which can range in size from small and compact to large and open. The flowers themselves are usually small and five-petaled, with colors ranging from white to yellow to pink. The stems of these plants are usually hollow and sometimes have a distinctive scent, such as celery or parsley.

Care Guide

Apiaceae plants can vary in their care requirements, but there are some general guidelines that can help ensure their success.

• Water: These plants generally prefer consistent moisture, but can be susceptible to root rot if overwatered. Water deeply once a week, or more frequently in hot, dry weather.
• Fertilization: Apiaceae plants benefit from regular fertilization with a balanced, all-purpose fertilizer. Apply every 4-6 weeks during the growing season.
• Soil: These plants prefer well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. Amend heavy or compacted soil with compost or other organic matter to improve drainage.
• Sunlight: Most Apiaceae plants prefer full sun to partial shade, but some species may tolerate more shade.
• Hardiness Zones: The hardiness zones for Apiaceae plants vary depending on the specific species. Check the label or consult a gardening guide to determine the appropriate hardiness zone for your plant.

Common Pests & Diseases

Apiaceae plants can be susceptible to a variety of pests and diseases, including:

• Aphids: These small, sap-sucking insects can be controlled with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
• Carrot rust fly: This pest can cause significant damage to carrot crops. Use floating row covers to prevent the flies from laying their eggs on the plants.
• Fungal diseases: Apiaceae plants can be susceptible to a variety of fungal diseases, such as powdery mildew and damping off. Ensure proper air circulation and avoid overhead watering to prevent these diseases.

Habitat

Apiaceae plants are found in a variety of habitats, from wetlands to meadows to deserts. Many species are native to Europe and Asia, but they can be found on every continent except Antarctica. Some species, such as cow parsnip and poison hemlock, are considered invasive in certain areas.

Question and Answer

Q: What are some common culinary uses for Apiaceae plants?
A: Many Apiaceae plants are used in cooking, including carrots, celery, parsley, dill, and fennel.

Q: Can Apiaceae plants be grown indoors?
A: Yes, some Apiaceae plants can be grown as houseplants, such as parsley and chervil.

Q: Are Apiaceae plants toxic?
A: Some species of Apiaceae, such as poison hemlock, are highly toxic. Always consult a reputable source before consuming or handling any plant.

Q: Can Apiaceae plants be propagated from cuttings?
A: Some Apiaceae plants can be propagated from stem cuttings, but others are best propagated from seed.

Related Plants

• Umbelliferae
• Araliaceae
• Apiosporaceae
• Araliaceae

References

• “Apiaceae.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 12 Sept. 2021, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apiaceae.
• “Growing Carrots and Other Umbellifers.” Royal Horticultural Society, www.rhs.org.uk/advice/grow-your-own/vegetables/carrots.
• “How to Grow Parsley.” Gardener’s Supply Company, www.gardeners.com/how-to/grow-parsley/7314.html.