Contents
Description
The Alnus Glutinosa, commonly known as the Black Alder, is a deciduous tree native to Europe and western Asia. It belongs to the Betulaceae family and can grow up to 25 meters tall. The tree has a straight trunk and a pyramid-shaped crown. It is known for its ability to grow in wetlands and can often be found near rivers and streams.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukarya |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Fagales |
| Family | Betulaceae |
| Genus | Alnus |
Appearance
The Black Alder has dark green leaves that are oval-shaped and serrated. The leaves can grow up to 10cm long and 7cm wide. The tree produces small cone-like fruits that are green in color and turn brown when mature. The bark of the tree is dark gray and smooth, becoming fissured as it ages. The tree’s wood is reddish-brown and has a fine texture.
Care Guide
The Black Alder is a hardy tree that can grow in a wide range of soils, including wetlands. It prefers moist, well-drained soil and full sun to partial shade. The tree does not require much care, but regular watering and fertilization can help it grow faster. It is hardy to USDA zones 3-7.
Water
The Black Alder requires regular watering, especially during its first few years. The tree can tolerate wet soils, but it should not be waterlogged for extended periods.
Fertilization
The Black Alder does not require much fertilization, but a balanced fertilizer can be applied in the spring to encourage growth.
Soil
The Black Alder can grow in a wide range of soils, including wetlands. It prefers moist, well-drained soil and can tolerate acidic soils.
Sunlight
The Black Alder prefers full sun to partial shade.
Hardiness Zones
The Black Alder is hardy to USDA zones 3-7.
Common Pests & Diseases
The Black Alder is relatively pest and disease-resistant. However, it can be susceptible to aphids, caterpillars, and leaf miners. The tree can also be affected by cankers and root rot.
Habitat
The Black Alder is native to Europe and western Asia and can be found in wetlands, near rivers, and in floodplains. It is often used in reforestation projects and as a windbreak in agricultural areas.
Question and Answer
Q: Is the Black Alder suitable for small gardens?
A: The Black Alder can grow up to 25 meters tall, so it may not be suitable for small gardens.
Q: Can the Black Alder tolerate flooding?
A: Yes, the Black Alder can tolerate flooding and is often found in wetlands and floodplains.
Q: What is the lifespan of the Black Alder?
A: The Black Alder can live up to 100 years.
Q: Is the Black Alder a hardwood or softwood?
A: The Black Alder is considered a hardwood.
Related Plants
- Alnus Cordata
- Alnus Incana
- Alnus Rubra
References
- “Alnus glutinosa.” Missouri Botanical Garden. https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=c603
- “Alnus glutinosa.” Royal Horticultural Society. https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/2679/Alnus-glutinosa/Details
- “Black Alder.” Arbor Day Foundation. https://www.arborday.org/trees/treeguide/TreeDetail.cfm?ItemID=753
