Contents
Description
Acoraceae is a family of aquatic and semi-aquatic plants commonly known as the Sweet Flag family. The family consists of only one genus, Acorus, which contains two species: Acorus calamus and Acorus americanus. Both species are native to the Northern Hemisphere and are known for their fragrant leaves and rhizomes. The leaves of Acorus calamus are commonly used in traditional medicine, while the rhizomes are used in perfumes and flavorings.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukaryota |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Angiosperms |
| Class | Monocots |
| Order | Acorales |
| Family | Acoraceae |
| Genus | Acorus |
Appearance
Acorus plants typically grow to a height of 2-4 feet and have long, narrow leaves that are arranged in a basal rosette. The leaves are typically green, but may also be variegated or yellow. The plants produce small, inconspicuous flowers that are borne on a spadix. The flowers are followed by small, red berries that are rarely produced in cultivation. The rhizomes of Acorus plants are thick and fleshy, with a sweet, spicy aroma.
Care Guide
Water
Acorus plants prefer moist soil and should be watered regularly to keep the soil consistently moist. However, they do not tolerate waterlogged soil and should be grown in well-draining soil.
Fertilization
Acorus plants do not require a lot of fertilizer, but can benefit from a light application of a balanced fertilizer in the spring.
Soil
Acorus plants prefer well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. They can tolerate a wide range of soil types, but do best in slightly acidic soil.
Sunlight
Acorus plants prefer partial shade to full shade and should be protected from intense sunlight.
Hardiness Zones
Acorus plants are hardy in USDA zones 4-11.
Common Pests & Diseases
Acorus plants are relatively pest and disease-free, but may be susceptible to leaf spot and root rot if grown in waterlogged soil. They may also be affected by aphids, spider mites, and mealybugs.
Habitat
Acorus plants are native to wetlands and marshes in the Northern Hemisphere. They are commonly found growing in shallow water or along the edges of ponds, lakes, and streams.
Question and Answer
Q: Can Acorus plants be grown indoors?
A: Yes, Acorus plants can be grown indoors in a bright, humid location. They should be watered regularly and misted periodically to maintain humidity.
Q: How often should Acorus plants be fertilized?
A: Acorus plants only need to be fertilized once a year, in the spring. A light application of a balanced fertilizer is sufficient.
Q: Can Acorus plants be grown in containers?
A: Yes, Acorus plants can be grown in containers as long as the soil is kept consistently moist and the container is large enough to accommodate the plant’s rhizomes.
Q: Are Acorus plants toxic?
A: Acorus plants contain a toxic compound called beta-asarone, which can cause hallucinations and other neurological symptoms if ingested in large quantities. However, the levels of beta-asarone in Acorus plants are generally considered to be too low to cause harm.
Related Plants
- Iris (Iridaceae)
- Calla Lily (Araceae)
- Water Lily (Nymphaeaceae)
References
- Missouri Botanical Garden: Acorus calamus
- RHS Plants: Acorus gramineus
- University of Florida IFAS Extension: Sweet Flag
