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Description
Wilkesia is a small genus of flowering plants that belongs to the sunflower family, Asteraceae. It is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands, where it is found growing naturally in dry and wet forests, as well as on steep cliffs. The genus is named after American explorer and military officer Charles Wilkes, who led the United States Exploring Expedition in the 1830s. There are only two known species of Wilkesia, which are Wilkesia gymnoxiphium and Wilkesia hobdyi. Both species are considered endangered due to habitat loss and invasive species. The plants are evergreen shrubs or small trees that can grow up to 20 feet tall in their natural habitat.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukaryota |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Spermatophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Asterales |
| Family | Asteraceae |
| Genus | Wilkesia |
Appearance
Wilkesia plants have a unique appearance with large, glossy, dark green leaves that can grow up to 18 inches long. The leaves are oval-shaped with a pointed tip and a smooth edge. The plants produce small, yellow flowers that are arranged in clusters at the end of the branches. The flowers are followed by small, dry fruits that contain one seed each. Wilkesia plants are slow-growing and can take several years to reach their full size.
Care Guide
Wilkesia plants are difficult to grow and require specific conditions to thrive. Here are some care tips:Water: Wilkesia plants prefer well-draining soil that is kept consistently moist. Avoid overwatering, as this can lead to root rot.Fertilization: Fertilize Wilkesia plants with a balanced fertilizer every two to three months during the growing season.Soil: Wilkesia plants require well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. A mix of peat moss and perlite is ideal.Sunlight: Wilkesia plants prefer partial shade and can be grown indoors near a bright window.Hardiness Zones: Wilkesia plants are only hardy in USDA zones 11 and 12.
Common Pests & Diseases
Wilkesia plants are susceptible to a few common pests and diseases, including:Spider mites: These pests can cause yellowing and wilting of leaves. Treat with insecticidal soap or neem oil.Root rot: Overwatering can lead to root rot, which can be fatal to the plant. Ensure that the soil is well-draining and allow it to dry out slightly between waterings.Leaf spots: Wilkesia plants can be affected by fungal leaf spots, which can cause yellow or brown spots on the leaves. Treat with a fungicide.
Habitat
Wilkesia plants are native to the Hawaiian Islands, where they are found growing in dry and wet forests, as well as on steep cliffs. They are adapted to the unique climate of the islands, which includes warm temperatures and high humidity. Wilkesia plants are important to the ecosystem of the Hawaiian Islands, as they provide habitat and food for native animals.
Question and Answer
Q: Are Wilkesia plants easy to grow? A: No, Wilkesia plants are difficult to grow and require specific conditions to thrive.Q: Can Wilkesia plants be grown indoors? A: Yes, Wilkesia plants can be grown indoors near a bright window.Q: What are the common pests and diseases that affect Wilkesia plants? A: Wilkesia plants are susceptible to spider mites, root rot, and fungal leaf spots.Q: Where are Wilkesia plants native to? A: Wilkesia plants are native to the Hawaiian Islands.
Related Plants
Here are some related plants to Wilkesia:- Silversword (Argyroxiphium spp.)- Ohia (Metrosideros spp.)- Koa (Acacia koa)- Haleakala Silversword (Argyroxiphium sandwicense subsp. macrocephalum)
References
– “Wilkesia.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 24 Feb. 2021, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilkesia.- “Wilkesia.” Plants of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, www2.hawaii.edu/~eherring/hawnprop/wil-gym.htm.
