Contents
Description
Solanum Nigrum, commonly known as black nightshade, is a plant species in the Solanaceae family. It is native to Eurasia and Africa but has now spread throughout the world. Black nightshade is an annual or perennial herb that can grow up to 1.5 meters tall. The plant produces small, white or purple flowers and small, shiny, black berries that are toxic to humans.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Spermatophyta |
| Class | Angiospermae |
| Order | Solanales |
| Family | Solanaceae |
| Genus | Solanum |
Appearance
The leaves of Solanum Nigrum are ovate, alternate, and have smooth margins. The flowers are small, white or purple, and have five petals. The plant produces small, shiny, black berries that are toxic to humans. The stems are green and erect, and the plant can grow up to 1.5 meters tall. Black nightshade has a distinct odor and taste.
Care Guide
Solanum Nigrum requires regular watering, but it can tolerate some drought. The plant prefers a well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. Fertilize the plant with a balanced fertilizer once a month during the growing season. Black nightshade prefers full sun but can tolerate partial shade. The plant is hardy in USDA zones 3-8.
Common Pests & Diseases
Black nightshade is susceptible to several pests and diseases, including aphids, whiteflies, spider mites, and powdery mildew. To prevent pest infestations, use insecticidal soap or neem oil. To prevent diseases, ensure the plant has adequate air circulation and avoid overhead watering.
Habitat
Solanum Nigrum is a common weed that can be found in fields, gardens, and disturbed areas. The plant prefers moist, fertile soil but can tolerate a wide range of soil conditions. Black nightshade is an invasive species in some areas, and its toxic berries can pose a risk to livestock and wildlife.
Question and Answer
Q: Is Solanum Nigrum poisonous to humans?
A: Yes, the black berries of the plant are toxic to humans and can cause gastrointestinal problems.
Q: Is Solanum Nigrum an invasive species?
A: Yes, black nightshade can be an invasive species in some areas.
Q: What are the common pests that affect Solanum Nigrum?
A: Aphids, whiteflies, spider mites, and powdery mildew are common pests that affect black nightshade.
Q: What is the hardiness zone for Solanum Nigrum?
A: The plant is hardy in USDA zones 3-8.
Related Plants
- Solanum dulcamara
- Solanum lycopersicum
- Solanum melongena
- Solanum tuberosum
References
- “Solanum nigrum.” Missouri Botanical Garden, www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=287303.
- “Solanum nigrum.” Plants of the World Online, Kew Science, plants.jstor.org/compilation/Solanum.nigrum.
- “Solanum nigrum.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 11 Mar. 2021, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solanum_nigrum.
