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Description
Toxicodendron Vernix, commonly known as poison sumac, is a deciduous shrub or small tree that grows up to 20 feet tall. Its leaves are arranged in a pinnate or bipinnate manner and have 7-13 leaflets. Poison sumac is native to the eastern United States and can be found in wetlands and swamps.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukarya |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Sapindales |
| Family | Anacardiaceae |
| Genus | Toxicodendron |
Appearance
Poison sumac has a smooth, gray bark and produces small, greenish-yellow flowers in the spring. Its fruit is a white, waxy drupe that grows in clusters. In the fall, its leaves turn bright red, orange, or yellow. However, poison sumac can be easily identified by its leaves, which have smooth margins and a glossy sheen. The leaflets are oval-shaped and pointed, and the central leaflet is longer than the others.
Care Guide
Poison sumac prefers acidic soil and partial shade. It requires regular watering, especially during prolonged dry spells. Fertilization is not necessary, but a slow-release fertilizer can be applied in the spring. Poison sumac is hardy in USDA zones 3-8.
Common Pests & Diseases
Poison sumac is susceptible to leaf spot, powdery mildew, and root rot. It can also be infested by spider mites and scale insects. In some cases, poison sumac can also be a host plant for the eastern tent caterpillar.
Habitat
Poison sumac is commonly found in wetlands and swamps, as well as along the edges of streams and ponds. It can also grow in upland areas, but it requires moist soil. Poison sumac is native to the eastern United States, from Maine to Florida and west to Texas and Minnesota.
Question and Answer
Q: Is poison sumac poisonous to humans?
A: Yes, poison sumac contains urushiol, a toxic oil that can cause an allergic reaction in humans. Contact with the leaves, stems, or fruit of the plant can result in a painful rash and blisters.
Q: Can poison sumac be used for medicinal purposes?
A: No, poison sumac should not be used for medicinal purposes. Its toxic properties can cause serious harm to humans.
Q: Can poison sumac be safely removed?
A: Poison sumac should be removed with caution, as contact with the plant can cause a severe allergic reaction. It is recommended to wear protective clothing, such as gloves and long sleeves, and to wash any exposed skin with soap and water immediately after contact.
Q: How can I distinguish poison sumac from other similar plants?
A: Poison sumac can be distinguished from other plants by its smooth, glossy leaves with pointed leaflets. Its fruit is also a white, waxy drupe that grows in clusters. Unlike other sumac species, poison sumac does not produce red berries.
Related Plants
- Toxicodendron radicans (poison ivy)
- Toxicodendron diversilobum (Pacific poison oak)
- Mangifera indica (mango tree)
- Metopium toxiferum (poisonwood)
References
- USDA Plants Database: Toxicodendron Vernix
- Purdue University Extension: Poison Sumac
- The Ohio State University: Toxicodendron Vernix
