Contents
Description
Themeda is a genus of grasses found in many parts of the world, including Africa, Asia, Australia, and the Pacific Islands. It is commonly known as kangaroo grass, due to its importance as a food source for kangaroos and other grazing animals. The genus includes both annual and perennial species, with some reaching up to 2 meters in height.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukaryota |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Spermatophyta |
| Class | Liliopsida |
| Order | Poales |
| Family | Poaceae |
| Genus | Themeda |
Appearance
Themeda grasses typically have long, narrow leaves that can be up to 60 cm in length. The inflorescences are often large and showy, with reddish or purplish flowers. The grasses are usually green in color, but can turn yellow or brown during periods of drought or cold weather. Some species have a tufted growth habit, while others spread out to form dense mats.
Care Guide
Themeda grasses are relatively easy to care for, as long as they are grown in the right conditions. Here are some tips for keeping them healthy:
- Water: Water regularly, but make sure the soil is well-drained to avoid waterlogging.
- Fertilization: Apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer once a year in spring.
- Soil: Themeda grasses prefer well-drained, slightly acidic soil with a pH of 5.5 to 6.5.
- Sunlight: They need full sun to thrive, so make sure they are planted in a sunny area.
- Hardiness Zones: Themeda grasses are generally hardy to USDA zones 8-11.
Common Pests & Diseases
Themeda grasses are relatively resistant to pests and diseases. However, they can be affected by a few common problems:
- Root rot: This fungal disease can occur in waterlogged soil. To prevent it, make sure the soil is well-drained.
- Leaf spot: This fungal disease can cause brown or black spots on the leaves. To prevent it, avoid overhead watering and make sure the soil is not too wet.
- Grasshoppers: These insects can eat the leaves and stems of Themeda grasses. To prevent them, use insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Habitat
Themeda grasses are found in a wide range of habitats, from grasslands and savannas to forests and wetlands. They are particularly common in areas with a Mediterranean climate, where they are often used for erosion control and reclamation of degraded land. They are also an important food source for many grazing animals, including kangaroos, gazelles, and zebras.
Question and Answer
Q: Are Themeda grasses invasive?
A: No, Themeda grasses are not considered invasive. They are native to many parts of the world and are often used for ecological restoration.
Q: Can Themeda grasses be grown in containers?
A: Yes, Themeda grasses can be grown in containers as long as the container is large enough and the soil is well-drained.
Q: What is the best time of year to plant Themeda grasses?
A: The best time to plant Themeda grasses is in the spring or fall, when temperatures are mild and rainfall is plentiful.
Q: How often should Themeda grasses be fertilized?
A: Themeda grasses only need to be fertilized once a year, in the spring. Use a balanced, slow-release fertilizer to avoid overfeeding.
Related Plants
- Pennisetum
- Sporobolus
- Chloris
- Cymbopogon
References
- “Themeda.” Kew Science, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, www.kew.org/science/tropamerica/imagedetail/14872.
- “Themeda.” PlantZAfrica, South African National Biodiversity Institute, www.plantzafrica.com/plantqrs/themkanga.htm.
- “Themeda.” Flora of China, Missouri Botanical Garden, www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=130325.
