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Description
Artocarpus Heterophyllus, commonly known as jackfruit, is a tropical tree native to South and Southeast Asia. The tree can grow up to 30 meters tall and produces the largest fruit in the world, weighing up to 50 kilograms. The fruit has a spiky exterior and a sweet, juicy interior that can be eaten raw or cooked. The tree’s wood is also highly valued for its durability and strength.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukarya |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Angiosperms |
| Class | Eudicots |
| Order | Rosales |
| Family | Moraceae |
| Genus | Artocarpus |
Appearance
The Artocarpus Heterophyllus tree has a straight trunk with a smooth, gray bark. The leaves are large, glossy, and dark green, measuring up to 9 inches in length. The tree produces a fruit that is up to 50 centimeters long and 25 centimeters wide, with a green or yellow exterior that is covered in short, spiky projections. The interior of the fruit is divided into sections, each containing a seed and a fleshy, sweet pulp that ranges in color from light yellow to orange.
Care Guide
Artocarpus Heterophyllus trees require warm, humid environments and well-draining soil. Here is a guide to caring for this plant:
Water: Water frequently during the growing season, allowing the soil to dry out slightly between waterings. Reduce watering during the dormant season.
Fertilization: Fertilize every 2-3 months during the growing season with a balanced fertilizer.
Soil: Use well-draining soil with a pH between 6.0-6.5. Add organic matter to the soil to improve drainage.
Sunlight: Artocarpus Heterophyllus trees require full sun to produce fruit. Provide partial shade during the hottest part of the day in very hot climates.
Hardiness Zones: This tree is best suited for USDA Hardiness Zones 10-12.
Common Pests & Diseases
Artocarpus Heterophyllus trees are susceptible to several pests and diseases, including:
Fruit Fly: This pest lays its eggs in the fruit, causing it to rot and fall prematurely from the tree.
Mealybugs: These pests suck the sap from the tree, causing stunted growth and yellowing leaves.
Anthracnose: This fungal disease causes dark spots on the leaves and fruit, eventually leading to rotting and dropping of the fruit.
Habitat
Artocarpus Heterophyllus trees are native to South and Southeast Asia and are commonly found in tropical regions. The tree grows best in warm, humid environments and is often cultivated for its fruit and wood.
Question and Answer
Q: Can jackfruit be grown in a container?
A: Yes, jackfruit can be grown in a container, but it may not produce fruit as abundantly as a tree grown in the ground.
Q: How long does it take for a jackfruit tree to bear fruit?
A: It takes 3-4 years for a jackfruit tree to bear fruit.
Q: Can the jackfruit tree withstand frost?
A: No, the jackfruit tree cannot withstand frost and should be protected from freezing temperatures.
Q: What is the nutritional value of jackfruit?
A: Jackfruit is a good source of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. It is low in calories and high in fiber, making it a healthy addition to any diet.
Related Plants
Here are some related plants to Artocarpus Heterophyllus:
- Artocarpus Altilis (Breadfruit)
- Artocarpus Odoratissimus (Marang)
- Artocarpus Integer (Chempedak)
References
- “Artocarpus Heterophyllus.” Missouri Botanical Garden, www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=286238.
- “Jackfruit.” Purdue University Center for New Crops and Plant Products, www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/jackfruit.html.
- “The Health Benefits of Jackfruit.” Healthline, 4 July 2018, www.healthline.com/nutrition/jackfruit-benefits.
