Contents
Description
Polypodiales is a diverse order of ferns, comprising over 80% of all fern species. They are found in a variety of habitats, including rainforests, deserts, and even aquatic environments. The order includes both small epiphytes and large trees. The leaves of Polypodiales are typically compound, with many leaflets attached to a central stem. These leaflets can be simple or lobed, and are typically arranged in a spiral pattern.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukarya |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Pteridophyta |
| Class | Polypodiopsida |
| Order | Polypodiales |
| Family | Various |
| Genus | Various |
Appearance
Polypodiales can vary greatly in size and appearance. Some species are small and delicate, while others are large and robust. The leaves of Polypodiales are typically compound, with many leaflets attached to a central stem. These leaflets can be simple or lobed, and are typically arranged in a spiral pattern. The fronds of Polypodiales are often highly variable in shape, with some species having fronds that are deeply divided, while others have fronds that are simple and undivided. Some species also have distinctive features such as hairy stems or fronds, or scales on the undersides of the fronds.
Care Guide
Polypodiales are generally easy to care for, and can be grown indoors or outdoors, depending on the species. Here are some general care guidelines:- Water: Polypodiales prefer moist, well-draining soil. Water them regularly, keeping the soil evenly moist but not waterlogged.- Fertilization: Fertilize Polypodiales with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer every two weeks during the growing season.- Soil: Polypodiales prefer a rich, well-draining soil that is high in organic matter.- Sunlight: Most Polypodiales prefer bright, indirect light. Avoid direct sunlight, as it can scorch the leaves.- Hardiness Zones: The hardiness of Polypodiales varies depending on the species. Check the specific requirements for the species you are growing.
Common Pests & Diseases
Polypodiales are generally pest-resistant, but they can be affected by a few common pests and diseases. Here are some of the most common:- Mealybugs: These small, white insects can infest the leaves of Polypodiales, causing them to yellow and wilt. Treat with insecticidal soap or neem oil.- Scale: These small, brown insects can also infest the leaves of Polypodiales. They can be treated with insecticidal soap or neem oil.- Leaf spot: This fungal disease can cause dark spots to appear on the leaves of Polypodiales. Remove affected leaves and treat with a fungicide.
Habitat
Polypodiales are found in a wide variety of habitats, from rainforests to deserts. They can be found growing on rocks, trees, and in the ground. Some species are adapted to aquatic environments, while others are found in arid regions. The diversity of this order means that there is a Polypodiales species suited to almost any habitat.
Question and Answer
Q: What is the most common type of Polypodiales?
A: The most common type of Polypodiales is the Polypodiaceae family, which includes the ferns commonly known as sword ferns and staghorn ferns.
Q: Can Polypodiales be grown indoors?
A: Yes, many species of Polypodiales can be grown indoors, as long as they are provided with the right growing conditions.
Q: How often should I fertilize my Polypodiales?
A: Fertilize your Polypodiales with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer every two weeks during the growing season.
Q: What is the hardiness of Polypodiales?
A: The hardiness of Polypodiales varies depending on the species. Check the specific requirements for the species you are growing.
Related Plants
– Asplenium- Athyrium- Blechnum- Cyathea- Dennstaedtia- Dryopteris- Nephrolepis- Polystichum
References
– Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of North America North of Mexico. 16+ vols. New York and Oxford.- Smith, A. R., K. M. Pryer, E. Schuettpelz, P. Korall, H. Schneider, and P. G. Wolf. 2006. A classification for extant ferns. Taxon 55(3): 705-731.
