Contents
Description
Phymatoceros Bulbiculosus, commonly known as the “button lichen,” is a species of lichen found in the family Parmeliaceae. It is native to North America, particularly in the western part of the continent. This species forms small, rounded colonies that range in color from pale gray to greenish-yellow. The button-like structures, or “soredia,” on the surface of the lichen are used for reproduction.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukarya |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Fungi |
| Phylum | Ascomycota |
| Class | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order | Lecanorales |
| Family | Parmeliaceae |
| Genus | Phymatoceros |
Appearance
The button lichen has a distinctive appearance, with small, rounded colonies ranging from 1-3 cm in diameter. The surface of the lichen is pale gray to greenish-yellow, and covered in small, button-like structures called “soredia.” These soredia are used for reproduction, and can detach from the lichen and grow into new colonies. The underside of the lichen is black, and the lichen itself is firmly attached to its substrate.
Care Guide
The button lichen is a hardy species that requires very little care. It can tolerate a wide range of growing conditions, including shade and drought. However, for optimal growth, it is recommended to provide the following:
- Water: The button lichen can survive long periods without water, but it will grow best if it receives occasional moisture. Mist the lichen lightly with water every few weeks.
- Fertilization: The button lichen does not require any fertilization.
- Soil: The button lichen does not require any soil, as it grows on other surfaces such as rocks and trees.
- Sunlight: The button lichen prefers partial shade to full shade. Direct sunlight can be harmful to the lichen.
- Hardiness Zones: The button lichen is hardy in USDA zones 4-9.
Common Pests & Diseases
The button lichen is generally resistant to pests and diseases. However, it can be affected by the following:
- Environmental stress: The button lichen can be affected by pollution and other environmental stressors, which can cause it to die back.
- Lichen mites: These tiny mites can infest the button lichen, causing it to turn brown or black and eventually die off.
- Bacterial infections: In rare cases, the button lichen can be affected by bacterial infections, which can cause it to develop black spots or patches.
Habitat
The button lichen is found in a variety of habitats, including forests, grasslands, and rocky outcrops. It prefers to grow on trees, rocks, and other substrates that are rich in nutrients. It is often found in areas with high humidity and moderate temperatures.
Question and Answer
Q: Can the button lichen be grown indoors?
A: Yes, the button lichen can be grown indoors if provided with the right growing conditions, such as moderate humidity and partial shade.
Q: Is the button lichen edible?
A: No, the button lichen is not edible and should not be consumed.
Q: How can I propagate the button lichen?
A: The button lichen can be propagated using soredia, which are small, button-like structures on the surface of the lichen. These can be detached and used to grow new colonies of the lichen.
Q: How long does the button lichen live?
A: The button lichen can live for many years, with some colonies surviving for several decades.
Related Plants
- Phymatoceros flabelliformis
- Phymatoceros bulbosus
- Phymatoceros tenuis
References
- Brodo, I. M., Sharnoff, S. D., & Sharnoff, S. (2001). Lichens of North America. Yale University Press.
- Goward, T. (1999). The lichens of British Columbia, illustrated keys, Part 2: Fruticose Species. Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks.
- Hale, M. E., & Cole, M. S. (1988). A synopsis of the lichen genus Phymatoceros. The Bryologist, 91(4), 315-326.
