Contents
Description
Nyctaginaceae is a family of plants commonly known as Four O’Clocks. This family includes over 300 species of flowering plants that are native to tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas, Africa, and Asia. The name “Four O’Clocks” comes from the fact that many species of this family open their flowers in the late afternoon or early evening.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukarya |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Angiosperms |
| Class | Eudicots |
| Order | Caryophyllales |
| Family | Nyctaginaceae |
| Genus | Mirabilis, Bougainvillea, Pisonia, Neea, and more |
Appearance
Four O’Clocks come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes. Most species are shrubs or small trees, but there are also some herbaceous perennials. The flowers of this family are usually funnel-shaped and come in a variety of colors, including pink, red, yellow, white, and purple. Some species also have variegated leaves, making them popular ornamental plants.
Care Guide
Four O’Clocks are relatively easy to care for and can thrive in a variety of growing conditions.
- Water: These plants prefer well-draining soil and should be watered regularly, but be careful not to overwater as this can lead to root rot.
- Fertilization: Four O’Clocks benefit from regular fertilization with a balanced fertilizer during the growing season.
- Soil: These plants prefer soil that is slightly acidic and well-draining.
- Sunlight: Four O’Clocks prefer full sun to partial shade. Some species can tolerate shade, but they will not flower as well.
- Hardiness Zones: Most species of Four O’Clocks are hardy in USDA zones 9-11, but some can tolerate colder temperatures if provided with proper care.
Common Pests & Diseases
Four O’Clocks are relatively resistant to pests and diseases, but they can still be affected by a few common issues.
- Spider Mites: These tiny pests can cause damage to the leaves of Four O’Clocks. Regular spraying with a jet of water can help to control them.
- Leaf Spot: This fungal disease can cause yellowing and wilting of the leaves. Affected leaves should be removed and the plant should be treated with a fungicide.
- Root Rot: Overwatering can cause root rot in Four O’Clocks. If the soil is too wet, the plant may start to wilt and the leaves may turn yellow. To prevent root rot, make sure to plant Four O’Clocks in well-draining soil and avoid overwatering.
Habitat
Four O’Clocks are native to tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas, Africa, and Asia. They can be found growing in a variety of habitats, including forests, meadows, and deserts.
Question and Answer
Q: Can Four O’Clocks be grown indoors?
A: Yes, Four O’Clocks can be grown indoors but they will need plenty of sunlight and well-draining soil.
Q: How often should Four O’Clocks be fertilized?
A: Four O’Clocks should be fertilized with a balanced fertilizer once every two weeks during the growing season.
Q: Do Four O’Clocks attract bees and butterflies?
A: Yes, Four O’Clocks are known to attract bees, butterflies, and other pollinators.
Q: How tall do Four O’Clocks typically grow?
A: Four O’Clocks can grow anywhere from 1 to 6 feet tall depending on the species and growing conditions.
Related Plants
- Mirabilis jalapa (Marvel of Peru)
- Bougainvillea
- Pisonia
- Neea
References
- “Nyctaginaceae.” Missouri Botanical Garden. https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/Family/FamilyDetails.aspx?taxonid=25074.
- “Four O’Clock.” Better Homes & Gardens. https://www.bhg.com/gardening/plant-dictionary/annual/four-oclock/.
- “Growing Four O’Clocks.” Gardening Know How. https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/flowers/four-oclocks/growing-four-oclocks.htm.
