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Description
Neottia is a genus of orchids that includes over 50 species found in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. These orchids are known for their small size and lack of leaves, which sets them apart from other orchid genera. Instead, Neottia orchids have a single stem that produces flowers directly from the base, with a few small bracts along the stem. The flowers themselves are small and often green, but can also be yellow, brown, or purple, depending on the species.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukaryota |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Liliopsida |
| Order | Asparagales |
| Family | Orchidaceae |
| Genus | Neottia |
Appearance
As mentioned, Neottia orchids lack leaves and have a single stem that produces flowers from the base. The stem can range in height from a few centimeters to over a meter, depending on the species. The flowers themselves are small, typically less than 1 cm in diameter, and can be green, yellow, brown, or purple, depending on the species. The flowers have three sepals and three petals, with the sepals forming a hood over the petals. The lip of the flower is often highly modified, with a pouch or spur that is used to attract pollinators.
Care Guide
Neottia orchids are relatively easy to care for, as they do not require much attention. Here are some basic care tips:
- Water: Neottia orchids prefer to be kept evenly moist, but not waterlogged. Water when the top inch of soil feels dry.
- Fertilization: Neottia orchids do not require much fertilizer, but can benefit from a balanced orchid fertilizer once a month during the growing season.
- Soil: Neottia orchids prefer a well-draining soil mix that is high in organic matter, such as orchid bark or sphagnum moss.
- Sunlight: Neottia orchids prefer bright, indirect light. Avoid direct sunlight, as this can scorch the leaves.
- Hardiness Zones: Neottia orchids are hardy in USDA zones 3-9, depending on the species.
Common Pests & Diseases
Neottia orchids are generally not prone to pests or diseases, but here are some issues to watch out for:
- Root rot: This can occur if the orchid is kept too wet or in poorly draining soil.
- Spider mites: These tiny pests can cause yellowing and distortion of the leaves. Use a miticide to control them.
- Mealybugs: These pests can be identified by the white cottony masses they leave behind. Use an insecticidal soap to control them.
Habitat
Neottia orchids are found in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, including North America, Europe, and Asia. They are typically found growing in moist, shaded areas, such as forests or wetlands. Some species are adapted to growing in alpine or subalpine environments.
Question and Answer
Q: Can Neottia orchids be grown indoors?
A: Yes, Neottia orchids can be grown indoors as long as they are provided with bright, indirect light and kept evenly moist.
Q: Are Neottia orchids fragrant?
A: No, Neottia orchids are not known for their fragrance.
Q: How often should I fertilize my Neottia orchid?
A: Neottia orchids do not require much fertilizer, but can benefit from a balanced orchid fertilizer once a month during the growing season.
Q: Can Neottia orchids be grown from seed?
A: Yes, Neottia orchids can be grown from seed, but it can be a slow process. It is easier to propagate them by division.
Related Plants
- Epipactis – a genus of orchids that is closely related to Neottia
- Cypripedium – a genus of orchids that is also found in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere
- Calypso – a genus of orchids that is found in similar habitats to Neottia
References
- Flora of North America: Neottia
- RHS: Neottia
- Missouri Botanical Garden: Neottia
