Mirabilis Jalapa

Description

Mirabilis Jalapa, also known as the Four O’Clock plant, is a perennial flowering plant native to tropical regions of South America. It is a popular ornamental plant due to its beautiful, brightly colored flowers that bloom in the late afternoon and evening. The flowers come in a variety of colors, including pink, yellow, red, white, and bi-colored varieties.

Taxonomic Information

Appearance

The Mirabilis Jalapa plant grows up to 3 feet tall and spreads up to 2 feet wide. It has green leaves that are ovate or heart-shaped, and can grow up to 6 inches long. The flowers bloom in clusters and have a trumpet-like shape, with five petals that are fused at the base. The flowers are fragrant and typically open in the late afternoon or early evening, and close in the morning.

Care Guide

Mirabilis Jalapa is a relatively low-maintenance plant, but it still requires some care to thrive. Here are some tips:

Water: Water the plant regularly, but make sure the soil is well-drained to prevent waterlogging. Don’t let the soil dry out completely, but avoid over-watering.

Fertilization: Fertilize the plant once a month during the growing season with a balanced fertilizer.

Soil: The plant prefers well-drained soil that is rich in organic matter. If the soil is heavy or clay-like, mix in some compost or sand to improve drainage.

Sunlight: The plant prefers full sun or partial shade. It can tolerate some shade, but may produce fewer flowers in such conditions.

Hardiness Zones: The plant is hardy in zones 7-11.

Common Pests & Diseases

The Mirabilis Jalapa plant is relatively pest and disease-resistant, but it can still be affected by some common problems:

Pests: The plant can be affected by spider mites, aphids, and whiteflies. Use insecticidal soap or neem oil to control these pests.

Diseases: The plant can be affected by fungal diseases such as powdery mildew and leaf spot. Remove infected leaves and treat with a fungicide if necessary.

Habitat

The Mirabilis Jalapa plant is native to tropical regions of South America, but has been introduced to many other parts of the world as an ornamental plant. It prefers warm climates and is commonly found in gardens, parks, and along roadsides.

Question and Answer

Q: Can Four O’Clock plants be grown from seed?

A: Yes, Four O’Clock plants can be grown from seed. Sow the seeds indoors 6-8 weeks before the last frost, or sow them directly outdoors after the last frost.

Q: Do Four O’Clock plants require pruning?

A: Four O’Clock plants don’t require pruning, but you can pinch back the tips of the plant to encourage bushier growth.

Q: How often should Four O’Clock plants be fertilized?

A: Four O’Clock plants should be fertilized once a month during the growing season with a balanced fertilizer.

Q: Can Four O’Clock plants be grown in containers?

A: Yes, Four O’Clock plants can be grown in containers. Make sure the container is at least 12 inches deep and wide, and use a well-draining potting mix.

Related Plants

• Mirabilis hirsuta
• Mirabilis expansa
• Mirabilis longiflora
• Mirabilis multiflora

References

• “Mirabilis Jalapa.” Missouri Botanical Garden. https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=279151&isprofile=0&pt=2
• “Four O’Clocks.” University of Illinois Extension. https://extension.illinois.edu/hortihints/0506b.html
• “Mirabilis Jalapa.” North Carolina State University. https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/mirabilis-jalapa/