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Description
Mespilus is a plant from the Rosaceae family, which is native to Europe and Asia. It is commonly known as medlar, and its scientific name is Mespilus germanica. The plant is grown for its fruit, which resembles a small apple and is used in jams, jellies, and desserts. The medlar tree can grow up to 20 feet tall and is deciduous, meaning it loses its leaves in the winter.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukarya |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Angiosperms |
| Class | Eudicots |
| Order | Rosales |
| Family | Rosaceae |
| Genus | Mespilus |
Appearance
The medlar tree has a rounded shape and can grow up to 20 feet tall. It has a grey bark that becomes rough and fissured as it ages. The leaves are dark green, glossy, and oval-shaped, with a serrated margin. The fruit is round, about 2-3 inches in diameter, and has a brownish-yellow color. It has a unique taste, which is described as a mix of apple and pear, but with a granular texture.
Care Guide
To ensure the medlar tree grows healthy and produces fruit, it needs proper care. Here are tips on how to care for Mespilus:
Water: The medlar tree needs regular watering, especially during the summer months. Watering should be done deeply, and the soil should be kept moist but not waterlogged.
Fertilization: Medlar trees should be fertilized once a year, preferably in the spring or early summer. Use a balanced fertilizer with equal amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.
Soil: The medlar tree prefers well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. It can grow in a range of soil types, from sandy to clayey soil.
Sunlight: The medlar tree needs full sun exposure to grow and produce fruit. It can tolerate partial shade, but it may reduce fruit production.
Hardiness Zones: The medlar tree is hardy in USDA zones 5-8, which means it can tolerate temperatures as low as -20°F.
Common Pests & Diseases
The medlar tree may be susceptible to some pests and diseases. Here are some of the most common ones:
Aphids: These small insects can cause damage to the leaves and stems of the medlar tree. They can be controlled by applying insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Fire Blight: This bacterial disease can cause the leaves and branches of the medlar tree to turn brown and die. It can be treated with antibiotics, but it’s best to prevent it by avoiding overhead watering and pruning infected branches.
Spider Mites: These tiny pests can cause damage to the leaves of the medlar tree, causing them to turn yellow or brown. They can be controlled by spraying the tree with water or using insecticidal soap.
Habitat
The medlar tree is native to Europe and Asia and grows in a range of habitats, from woodlands to open fields. It prefers well-draining soil and full sun exposure. The plant is cultivated in many parts of the world for its fruit.
Question and Answer
Q: Can I grow a medlar tree in a container?
A: Yes, you can grow a medlar tree in a container, but it may not produce as much fruit as a tree planted in the ground.
Q: When is the best time to prune a medlar tree?
A: The best time to prune a medlar tree is in late winter or early spring, before new growth begins.
Q: How long does it take for a medlar tree to produce fruit?
A: A medlar tree can take up to 5 years to produce fruit, but it may take longer if grown from seed.
Q: Can I eat medlar fruit raw?
A: Medlar fruit is usually eaten cooked, as it has a tart taste and a gritty texture when eaten raw.
Related Plants
Here are some plants related to Mespilus:
- Cydonia oblonga (Quince)
- Pyrus communis (Pear)
- Malus domestica (Apple)
- Prunus avium (Sweet Cherry)
References
- “Mespilus.” Missouri Botanical Garden, www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=c480.
- “Medlar Tree – How to Grow and Care for Mespilus Germanica.” Garden Guides, www.gardenguides.com/134408-medlar-tree-grow-care-mespilus-germanica.html.
- “Medlar.” Royal Horticultural Society, www.rhs.org.uk/plants/3269/i-mespilus-germanica-i/details.
