Amyris

Description

Amyris is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the citrus family, Rutaceae. It is native to the Caribbean, Central, and South America. Amyris species are known for their fragrant essential oils and resin, which are used in perfumes, soaps, and candles. The name Amyris comes from the Greek word “amyron,” meaning “pleasantly scented.”

Taxonomic Information

Domain	Eukaryota
Kingdom	Plantae
Phylum	Tracheophyta
Class	Magnoliopsida
Order	Sapindales
Family	Rutaceae
Genus	Amyris

Appearance

Amyris trees can grow up to 50 feet tall and have a pyramidal shape. The leaves are evergreen, glossy, and lance-shaped. The flowers are small and white, and the fruit is a small, round, yellowish-orange drupe. The bark is smooth and grayish-brown. Amyris species are often confused with the closely related genus, Bursera, which also produces fragrant oils and resins.

Care Guide

Amyris trees are relatively low-maintenance and can be grown in a variety of conditions. Here are some tips for care:

• Water: Amyris trees prefer well-draining soil and should be watered deeply once a week.
• Fertilization: Amyris trees do not require much fertilizer, but a slow-release balanced fertilizer can be applied in the spring and fall.
• Soil: Amyris trees prefer slightly acidic soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0.
• Sunlight: Amyris trees prefer full sun to partial shade.
• Hardiness Zones: Amyris trees are hardy in USDA zones 10-12.

Common Pests & Diseases

Amyris trees are generally resistant to pests and diseases, but they can sometimes be affected by scale insects, spider mites, and citrus rust mite. Root rot can also be a problem if the soil is too wet. Regular monitoring and proper care can help prevent these issues.

Habitat

Amyris species are native to tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas. They are often found in dry forests, savannas, and scrublands. Some species, such as Amyris balsamifera, are also cultivated in other parts of the world for their essential oils and resin.

Question and Answer

Q: What are the uses of Amyris essential oil?
A: Amyris essential oil is used in perfumes, soaps, candles, and aromatherapy. It has a warm, woody, and balsamic scent.

Q: Can Amyris trees be grown indoors?
A: Yes, Amyris trees can be grown indoors in a bright, sunny location. They prefer well-draining soil and regular watering.

Q: How long does it take for Amyris trees to produce essential oils?
A: Amyris trees can produce essential oils after 3-4 years of growth. The oils are extracted from the wood and resin of the tree.

Q: Are Amyris trees endangered?
A: Some species of Amyris, such as Amyris elemifera, are listed as endangered due to habitat loss and over-harvesting for their essential oils and resin. Conservation efforts are underway to protect these species.

Related Plants

• Bursera
• Citrus
• Frankincense
• Myrrh
• Patchouli

References

• BBC Gardeners’ World Magazine. (2021). Amyris. https://www.gardenersworld.com/plants/amyris/
• Missouri Botanical Garden. (n.d.). Amyris. http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/gardens-gardening/your-garden/plant-finder/plant-details/kc/b545/amyris.aspx
• The Plant List. (2013). Amyris. http://www.theplantlist.org/1.1/browse/A/Rutaceae/Amyris/