Contents
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukaryota |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Angiosperms |
| Class | Eudicots |
| Order | Asterales |
| Family | Asteraceae |
| Genus | Helianthus |
Description
Helianthus Tuberosus, also known as the Jerusalem Artichoke, is a perennial sunflower native to North America. It grows up to 3 meters tall and produces yellow flowers that resemble those of a sunflower. The plant is often grown for its edible tubers, which have a sweet, nutty flavor and can be eaten raw or cooked.
Appearance
The Jerusalem Artichoke has a rough, hairy stem and large, coarse leaves that are 10-20 cm long. The flowers are large and yellow, with a diameter of up to 10 cm. The plant produces tubers that are elongated and knobby, with a brownish skin and white flesh. The tubers can grow up to 10 cm in length and 5 cm in diameter.
Care Guide
The Jerusalem Artichoke prefers well-drained soil and full sun. It is tolerant of a wide range of soil types, including sandy and clay soils. The plant should be watered regularly, especially during dry periods. Fertilization is not usually necessary, but a balanced fertilizer can be applied in the spring. The Jerusalem Artichoke is hardy to USDA zones 3-9.
Common Pests & Diseases
The Jerusalem Artichoke is relatively pest and disease-resistant, but can be affected by aphids, slugs, and snails. Powdery mildew and rust can also occur, especially in humid conditions.
Habitat
The Jerusalem Artichoke is native to North America, where it grows in prairies, meadows, and along roadsides. It has been introduced to other parts of the world, including Europe and Asia, where it is grown as a vegetable crop.
Question and Answer
Q: Can the Jerusalem Artichoke be grown in containers?
A: Yes, the Jerusalem Artichoke can be grown in containers, but it will require a large container and regular watering.
Q: How long does it take for the Jerusalem Artichoke to mature?
A: The Jerusalem Artichoke can take 120-150 days to mature from planting.
Q: Is the Jerusalem Artichoke invasive?
A: The Jerusalem Artichoke can be invasive in some areas, so it is important to monitor its growth and remove any unwanted plants.
Q: Can the Jerusalem Artichoke be grown from seed?
A: Yes, the Jerusalem Artichoke can be grown from seed, but it is more commonly propagated by tubers.
Related Plants
- Helianthus annuus (Common Sunflower)
- Helianthus maximiliani (Maximilian Sunflower)
- Helianthus petiolaris (Prairie Sunflower)
References
- Missouri Botanical Garden: Helianthus Tuberosus
- Rodale’s Basic Organic Gardening
- University of Minnesota Extension: Jerusalem Artichoke
