Ailanthus

Description

Ailanthus, also known as the Tree of Heaven or Chinese Sumac, is a fast-growing deciduous tree that can reach up to 80 feet in height. It’s native to China but has spread throughout the world due to its adaptability to harsh urban conditions. The tree has a large, spreading canopy and a thick trunk with a smooth, light gray bark that becomes fissured with age. The leaves are pinnately compound, with 10-41 leaflets that are lance-shaped and toothed. The flowers are small and greenish-yellow, and the fruits are samaras with a twisted wing.

Taxonomic Information

Appearance

Ailanthus has a distinct appearance with its large, spreading canopy and smooth light gray bark. The leaves are pinnately compound, with 10-41 leaflets that are lance-shaped and toothed. The tree produces small greenish-yellow flowers in the spring, and the fruits are samaras with a twisted wing. The bark of the tree has a strong odor that some people find unpleasant.

Care Guide

Ailanthus is a hardy tree that can tolerate a wide range of soil conditions, including poor, compacted, and polluted soils. It prefers full sun and moderate watering, but can also survive in drought conditions. Fertilization is not generally necessary, but a balanced fertilizer can be applied in the spring. Ailanthus is hardy in USDA zones 4-9.

Common Pests & Diseases

Ailanthus is generally resistant to pests and diseases, but can be attacked by the Ailanthus webworm, which feeds on the leaves and can cause defoliation. The tree can also be affected by Verticillium wilt, a fungal disease that causes yellowing and wilting of the leaves.

Habitat

Ailanthus is native to China but has been introduced to many parts of the world, including Europe and North America. It thrives in urban areas and can be found in parks, along roadsides, and in abandoned lots. The tree is often planted for its rapid growth and ability to tolerate harsh urban conditions.

Question and Answer

Q: Is Ailanthus an invasive species?

A: Yes, Ailanthus can be invasive in some areas and can outcompete native vegetation.

Q: Can Ailanthus tolerate pollution?

A: Yes, Ailanthus is known for its ability to tolerate poor and polluted soils.

Q: Does Ailanthus have any medicinal properties?

A: Ailanthus has been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat various ailments, but its medicinal properties have not been extensively studied.

Q: Is Ailanthus a good shade tree?

A: Yes, Ailanthus has a large, spreading canopy and can provide good shade.

Related Plants

• Simarouba
• Quassia
• Tree-of-heaven
• Paradise Tree

References

• “Ailanthus altissima.” Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed August 10, 2021. https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=e287.
• “Ailanthus altissima (tree-of-heaven).” USDA Forest Service. Accessed August 10, 2021. https://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/plants/tree/ailalt/all.html.
• “Tree-of-Heaven (Ailanthus altissima).” Invasive Species Compendium. Accessed August 10, 2021. https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/7949.