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Description
Actinidia, commonly known as kiwi, is a genus of woody vines and shrubs native to China. It belongs to the Actinidiaceae family and is known for its edible fruit, the kiwifruit. The Actinidia genus includes about 60 species of deciduous or evergreen plants that can grow up to 30 feet tall. Kiwifruit is one of the most nutritionally rich fruits, containing high amounts of vitamin C and K, and dietary fiber.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukarya |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Spermatophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Ericales |
| Family | Actinidiaceae |
| Genus | Actinidia |
Appearance
Actinidia plants have large, heart-shaped leaves that are dark green and slightly hairy on the upper surface. The undersides of the leaves are lighter in color and covered in dense hairs. The plants have tiny, fragrant flowers that bloom in the summer, which are followed by the fruit. The fruit is oval-shaped and covered in a fuzzy brown skin. The inside of the fruit is green, firm, and juicy with small black seeds.
Care Guide
Actinidia plants require regular watering, especially during the growing season. They prefer well-draining soil and should be fertilized with a balanced fertilizer every two weeks during the growing season. These plants need a lot of sunlight to produce fruit, and they can tolerate temperatures as low as -25°C. Actinidia plants grow best in hardiness zones 7-9.
Common Pests & Diseases
Actinidia plants are susceptible to several pests and diseases, including aphids, spider mites, and powdery mildew. Aphids can be controlled with insecticidal soap, while spider mites can be controlled with neem oil. Powdery mildew can be prevented by ensuring proper air circulation around the plant.
Habitat
Actinidia plants are native to China, but they are now grown in many parts of the world, including New Zealand, Italy, and the United States. They grow best in temperate climates with mild winters and warm summers.
Question and Answer
Q: How often should I water my Actinidia plant?
A: Actinidia plants require regular watering, especially during the growing season. Water whenever the top inch of soil is dry.
Q: Can Actinidia plants tolerate cold temperatures?
A: Yes, Actinidia plants can tolerate temperatures as low as -25°C.
Q: What should I do if my Actinidia plant is infested with aphids?
A: You can control aphids with insecticidal soap. Spray the plant thoroughly with the soap solution, making sure to cover both the upper and lower surfaces of the leaves.
Q: How much sunlight does an Actinidia plant need?
A: Actinidia plants need a lot of sunlight to produce fruit. They should be grown in an area that receives at least six hours of direct sunlight per day.
Related Plants
- Actinidia arguta
- Actinidia chinensis
- Actinidia kolomikta
- Actinidia polygama
References
- https://www.britannica.com/plant/Actinidia
- https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/edible/fruits/kiwi/growing-hardy-kiwi-vines.htm
- https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/25319/actinidia-chinensis/details
