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Description
The Carya Carolinae-Septentrionalis, commonly known as the Northern Pecan Tree, is a deciduous tree that belongs to the walnut family (Juglandaceae). It is native to North America and can be found in the eastern parts of the United States, from Iowa to Georgia and eastward to the Atlantic Ocean. The Northern Pecan Tree can grow up to 130 feet tall and has a spread of up to 75 feet. It is a popular tree for both its edible nuts and ornamental value.
Taxonomic Information
| Domain | Eukarya |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Spermatophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Fagales |
| Family | Juglandaceae |
| Genus | Carya |
| Species | Carolinae-Septentrionalis |
Appearance
The Northern Pecan Tree has a straight trunk that can grow up to 3 feet in diameter. The bark is grayish-brown and becomes deeply furrowed with age. The leaves are alternate, pinnately compound, and can grow up to 20 inches long. Each leaf has 9-17 leaflets that are lanceolate and serrated. The male flowers are catkins that can grow up to 6 inches long, while the female flowers are small and appear in clusters of 2-5. The fruits are oblong nuts that are enclosed in a husk, which splits open when mature. The nuts are edible and have a rich, buttery flavor.
Care Guide
The Northern Pecan Tree is easy to care for, but it requires some attention to ensure its health and vigor. Here are some tips for caring for this tree:- Water: The Northern Pecan Tree needs regular watering, especially during dry spells. Water deeply once a week, making sure the soil is moist down to the roots.- Fertilization: Apply a balanced fertilizer in the spring, just before new growth appears. Use a slow-release fertilizer that provides nutrients over time.- Soil: The Northern Pecan Tree prefers well-drained soil that is rich in organic matter. Avoid planting in heavy clay soil.- Sunlight: The Northern Pecan Tree prefers full sun, but it can tolerate partial shade.- Hardiness Zones: The Northern Pecan Tree is hardy in USDA zones 5-9.
Common Pests & Diseases
The Northern Pecan Tree is susceptible to a few pests and diseases, including:- Pecan weevil: This pest lays its eggs on the nut, and the larvae tunnel into the nut and feed on the kernel.- Aphids: These insects suck sap from the leaves and can cause them to curl and distort.- Pecan scab: This fungal disease causes dark lesions on the leaves and nuts, and can reduce nut production.To prevent these problems, keep the tree healthy by watering, fertilizing, and pruning as needed.
Habitat
The Northern Pecan Tree is native to North America and can be found in the eastern parts of the United States, from Iowa to Georgia and eastward to the Atlantic Ocean. It prefers well-drained soil that is rich in organic matter and full sun exposure. The tree is commonly found in orchards, parks, and residential landscapes.
Question and Answer
Q: When does the Northern Pecan Tree produce nuts?
A: The Northern Pecan Tree produces nuts in the fall, typically from September to November.
Q: How often should I water my Northern Pecan Tree?
A: Water deeply once a week, making sure the soil is moist down to the roots. Increase watering during dry spells.
Q: Can I grow a Northern Pecan Tree in a container?
A: No, the Northern Pecan Tree grows too large for a container and requires a deep root system to thrive.
Q: How can I tell when a pecan is ripe?
A: A ripe pecan will have a brown shell that cracks easily when squeezed. The nut meat will be plump and fill the shell.
Related Plants
– Carya Illinoinensis (Pecan Tree)- Carya Tomentosa (Mockernut Hickory)- Carya Glabra (Pignut Hickory)- Carya Cordiformis (Bitternut Hickory)
References
– Dirr, M. A. (2011). Dirr’s Encyclopedia of Trees and Shrubs. Timber Press.- Gilman, E. F. (1997). Northern Pecan. University of Florida IFAS Extension.- Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center. (n.d.). Carya Carolinae-Septentrionalis. Retrieved from https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=CACA4
